Energy Savings through Microwave Selective Heating of Pd/AC Catalyst Particulates in a Fixed‐Bed Reactor

Microwave radiation is a novel energy source to drive chemical reactions. In conventional reactors, however, the heat created either escapes through uninsulated reactor walls, or the microwave radiation is attenuated by insulated walls. Here, microwave selective heating of Pd catalyst particles supported on activated carbon particulates was examined in a fixed‐bed reactor using a novel vacuum‐filled Dewar‐like double‐walled continuous‐flow reactor. This reactor was developed toward energy savings in performing such organic reactions as the transformation of the hydride methyl cyclohexane to toluene.     

Chemospecific ring-opening polymerization of α-methylenemacrolides

α-Methylenemacrolides having various groups, such as aromatic, ether, and amine, were enzymatically, anionically, and radically polymerized. The polymerization with the lipase catalyst successfully afforded polymers only through the ring-opening process, whereas the vinyl polymerizations selectively proceeded by using anionic and radical initiators. The polyesters obtained by the enzymatic polymerization have a polymerizable methacrylic methylene group in the main-chain, in addition to the aromatic and polar groups, and were further radically polymerized to quantitatively produce a cross-linked polymer gel.     

Changes of Aldehyde Levels in Defatted Soybean Extract

Aldehyde levels in defatted soybean extracts were measured by using aldehyde dehydrogenase. The level increased during incubation of flour-water suspension and its centrifuged extract at pH 6.5, while it decreased markedly at alkaline pHs. This aldehyde-eliminating activity was observed in 1:5 flour:water ratio, but was not in 1:20 flour:water ratio. ¹⁴C-labelled acetaldehyde added to 1:5 flour:water extract was converted into acetic acid. Fractionation of the extract indicated that a heat-labile protein and a heat-stable compound with low molecular weight were required for the aldehyde-eliminating activity.     

绕击雷侵入波下1 100 kV电气设备的绝缘配合研究

用电气几何模型(A-W theory)和EMTP程序定量研究了中国特高压变电站设备的绝缘配合问题。与出厂雷电冲击试验电压波形不同,由绕击雷电侵入波在主变压器上产生的电压波形在波头有高频振荡且波尾时间长。考虑多重雷的绕击雷电侵入波,在线路入口安装瓷柱式避雷器和罐式避雷器可以更好地保护断路器和高抗。     

Control of Snow Falling Flow around NACA0015 Blade using a Plasma Electrode with Weather Resistant Design

The plasma actuation (PA) effect on the snow falling flow was investigated using a plasma electrode with weather resistant design and the natural snow wind facility of the Hokkaido University of Science. NACA0015 test blade with chord length c of 300 mm was used. Wind tunnel tests were carried out under the angle of the attack of the blade was fixed at 15 degrees, and the main flow velocity is U=5 m/s. PIV (Particle image velocimetry) measurements were conducted on various PA conditions using natural dry snowflakes as a tracer. When the actuator was driven under the condition of the fundamental frequency of F=50 kHz, and the pulsed modulated frequency f of fc/U=1 and Duty ratio (Ratio of plasma ON time to pulse duration time) =1%, movement of snowflakes was controlled the most effectively tested. It was clarified that the fundamental frequency of PA also affects the control of snow flow. Under snowfall conditions, the weather resistant designed plasma electrode has suffered no damage and operated successfully.     

Comparative study of behavior of inhaled samarium and cerium in mice

Distribution of Sm and Ce in mice was investigated after inhalation exposure to their oxide particles of 5 μm diameter and 15 mg/m3.Sm and Ce were mainly distributed in lung,their concentrations decreased with passing time,and their concentrations in lung were correlated with exposure periods.Concentrations of Ce were lower than that of Sm in each point.Sm was also distributed in the other organs and bone but Ce was scarcely detected.These results suggest that the behaviors of Sm and Ce inhaled were different,although their chemical properties are similar.