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排序方式: 共有1912条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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Tamar Ben-Bassat David Shinar Raquel Almqvist Jeff K. Caird Robert E. Dewar Esko Lehtonen 《Ergonomics》2019,62(6):734-747
Traffic sign comprehension is significantly affected by their compliance with ergonomics design principles. Despite the UN Convention, designs vary among countries. The goal of this study was to establish theoretical and methodological bases for evaluating the design of conventional and alternative signs. Thirty-one conventional signs and 1–3 alternatives for each conventional sign were evaluated for their compliance with three ergonomics guidelines for sign design: physical and conceptual compatibility, familiarity and standardisation. Twenty-seven human factors and ergonomics experts from 10 countries evaluated the signs relative to their compliance with the guidelines. Analysis of variance across alternatives revealed that for 19 of the 31 signs, an alternative design received a significantly higher rating in its ergonomics design than the conventional sign with the same meaning. We also found a very high correlation between the experts’ ratings and comprehension from previous studies. In conclusion, many countries use signs for which better alternative designs exist, and therefore UN Convention signs should be re-examined, and ergonomics experts evaluation can serve as a good surrogate for road users’ comprehension surveys.
Practitioner summary: This study presents theoretical and methodological bases for evaluating the design of UN Conventional and alternative traffic signs. Human factors and ergonomics experts evaluated 31 conventional and 68 alternative road signs, based on ergonomics principles for sign design. Results indicated the need to re-examine poorly designed UN Convention signs. 相似文献
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Shaikh Rahamatullah Shirazian Saeed Walker Gavin M. 《Neural computing & applications》2021,33(19):12621-12640
Neural Computing and Applications - Milling by mechanical means is vital unit operation in pharmaceutical processing which can be used for controlling particle size reduction. This approach can be... 相似文献
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Gerald S. Poplin Timothy L. McMurry Jason L. Forman Thomas Hartka Gwansik Park Greg Shaw Jangho Shin Hyung joo Kim Jeff Crandall 《Accident; analysis and prevention》2015
Injuries to the hollow organs of the lower digestive system carry substantial risk of complication due to infection and blood loss, and commonly require invasive abdominal surgery to diagnose and treat. The causes of, and risk factors for, lower abdomen injury in automobile collisions are poorly understood. The goal of this study was to investigate the risk factors and potential mechanisms of hollow-organ, lower abdomen injury in belted automobile occupants in frontal collisions. 相似文献
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Daniel Boon Loong Teh Akshaya Bansal Chou Chai Tan Boon Toh Robert Alan Jappy Tucker Gil Gerald Lasam Gammad Yanzhuang Yeo Zhendong Lei Xiang Zheng Fengyuan Yang John S. Ho Nagarjun Bolem Bing Cheng Wu Muthu Kumar Gnanasammandhan Lissa Hooi Gavin Stewart Dawe Camilo Libedinsky Wei-Yi Ong Barry Halliwell Edward Kai-Hua Chow Kah-Leong Lim Yong Zhang Brian K. Kennedy 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(29):2001459
Near-infrared (NIR) activatable upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) enable wireless-based phototherapies by converting deep-tissue-penetrating NIR to visible light. UCNPs are therefore ideal as wireless transducers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of deep-sited tumors. However, the retention of unsequestered UCNPs in tissue with minimal options for removal limits their clinical translation. To address this shortcoming, biocompatible UCNPs implants are developed to deliver upconversion photonic properties in a flexible, optical guide design. To enhance its translatability, the UCNPs implant is constructed with an FDA-approved poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) core clad with fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP). The emission spectrum of the UCNPs implant can be tuned to overlap with the absorption spectra of the clinically relevant photosensitizer, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). The UCNPs implant can wirelessly transmit upconverted visible light till 8 cm in length and in a bendable manner even when implanted underneath the skin or scalp. With this system, it is demonstrated that NIR-based chronic PDT is achievable in an untethered and noninvasive manner in a mouse xenograft glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) model. It is postulated that such encapsulated UCNPs implants represent a translational shift for wireless deep-tissue phototherapy by enabling sequestration of UCNPs without compromising wireless deep-tissue light delivery. 相似文献
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Software and Systems Modeling - 相似文献
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Dr. Sean Lund Taylor Courtney Dr. Gavin J. Williams 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2019,20(17):2217-2221
Isoprenoids are a large class of natural products with wide-ranging applications. Synthetic biology approaches to the manufacture of isoprenoids and their new-to-nature derivatives are limited due to the provision in nature of just two hemiterpene building blocks for isoprenoid biosynthesis. To address this limitation, artificial chemo-enzymatic pathways such as the alcohol-dependent hemiterpene (ADH) pathway serve to leverage consecutive kinases to convert exogenous alcohols into pyrophosphates that could be coupled to downstream isoprenoid biosynthesis. To be successful, each kinase in this pathway should be permissive of a broad range of substrates. For the first time, we have probed the promiscuity of the second enzyme in the ADH pathway—isopentenyl phosphate kinase from Thermoplasma acidophilum—towards a broad range of acceptor monophosphates. Subsequently, we evaluate the suitability of this enzyme to provide unnatural pyrophosphates and provide a critical first step in characterizing the rate-limiting steps in the artificial ADH pathway. 相似文献