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1.
Mohd Saberi Mohamad Sigeru Omatu Safaai Deris Michifumi Yoshioka 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2009,14(1):12-15
Microarray data are expected to be useful for cancer classification. However, the process of gene selection for the classification
contains a major problem due to properties of the data such as the small number of samples compared with the huge number of
genes (higher-dimensional data), irrelevant genes, and noisy data. Hence, this article aims to select a near-optimal (small)
subset of informative genes that is most relevant for the cancer classification. To achieve this aim, an iterative approach
based on genetic algorithms has been proposed. Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed approach is
superior to other previous related work, as well as to four methods tried in this work. In addition, a list of informative
genes in the best gene subsets is also presented for biological usage. 相似文献
2.
This article reviews the production scheduling problems focusing on those related to flexible job-shop scheduling. Job-shop and flexible job-shop scheduling problems are one of the most frequently encountered and hardest to optimize. This article begins with a review of the job-shop and flexible job-shop scheduling problem, and follow by the literature on artificial immune systems (AIS) and suggests ways them in solving job-shop and flexible job-shop scheduling problems. For the purposes of this study, AIS is defined as a computational system based on metaphors borrowed from the biological immune system. This article also, summarizes the direction of current research and suggests areas that might most profitably be given further scholarly attention. 相似文献
3.
Mohd Saberi Mohamad Sigeru Omatu Safaai Deris Muhammad Faiz Misman Michifumi Yoshioka 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2009,13(2):410-413
A microarray machine offers the capacity to measure the expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously. It is used
to collect information from tissue and cell samples regarding gene expression differences that could be useful for cancer
classification. However, the urgent problems in the use of gene expression data are the availability of a huge number of genes
relative to the small number of available samples, and the fact that many of the genes are not relevant to the classification.
It has been shown that selecting a small subset of genes can lead to improved accuracy in the classification. Hence, this
paper proposes a solution to the problems by using a multiobjective strategy in a genetic algorithm. This approach was tried
on two benchmark gene expression data sets. It obtained encouraging results on those data sets as compared with an approach
that used a single-objective strategy in a genetic algorithm.
This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January
31–February 2, 2008 相似文献
4.
Mohd Saberi Mohamad Sigeru Omatu Safaai Deris Muhammad Faiz Misman Michifumi Yoshioka 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2009,13(2):414-417
Gene expression technology, namely microarrays, offers the ability to measure the expression levels of thousands of genes
simultaneously in biological organisms. Microarray data are expected to be of significant help in the development of an efficient
cancer diagnosis and classification platform. A major problem in these data is that the number of genes greatly exceeds the
number of tissue samples. These data also have noisy genes. It has been shown in literature reviews that selecting a small
subset of informative genes can lead to improved classification accuracy. Therefore, this paper aims to select a small subset
of informative genes that are most relevant for cancer classification. To achieve this aim, an approach using two hybrid methods
has been proposed. This approach is assessed and evaluated on two well-known microarray data sets, showing competitive results.
This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January
31–February 2, 2008 相似文献
5.
Mohd Saberi Mohamad Sigeru Omatu Safaai Deris Michifumi Yoshioka 《IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering》2009,4(6):725-730
Gene expression data produced by microarray machines are useful for cancer classification. However, the process of gene selection for the classification faces a major problem because of the properties of the data such as the small number of samples compared with the huge number of genes (high-dimensional data), irrelevant genes, and noisy data. Hence, this paper proposes a three-stage method to select a small subset of informative genes which is most relevant for the cancer classification. It has three stages: (i) pre-selecting genes using a filter method to produce a subset of genes; (ii) optimizing the gene subset using a multi-objective hybrid method to yield near-optimal subsets of genes; (iii) analyzing the frequency of appearance of each gene in the different near-optimal gene subsets to produce a small (final) subset of informative genes. Five gene expression data sets are used to test the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed method is superior to other experimental methods and related previous works. A list of informative genes in the final gene subset is also presented for biological usage. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
6.
7.
In this paper, we present an alternative approach for mining regular association rules and maximal association rules from transactional datasets using soft set theory. This approach is started by a transformation of a transactional dataset into a Boolean-valued information system. Since the “standard” soft set deals with such information system, thus a transactional dataset can be represented as a soft set. Using the concept of parameters co-occurrence in a transaction, we define the notion of regular and maximal association rules between two sets of parameters, also their support, confidence and maximal support, maximal confidences, respectively properly using soft set theory. The results show that the soft regular and soft maximal association rules provide identical rules as compared to the regular and maximal association rules. 相似文献
8.
Modern processors access the branch target buffer (BTB) every cycle to speculate branch target addresses. This aggressive approach improves performance as it results in early identification of target addresses. However, unfortunately, such accesses, quite often, are unnecessary as there is no control flow instruction among those fetched.In this work, we introduce speculative BTB access to address this design inefficiency. Our technique relies on a simple power efficient structure, referred to as the BLC-filter, to identify cycles where there is no control flow instruction among those fetched, at least one cycle in advance. By identifying such cycles and eliminating unnecessary BTB accesses we reduce BTB power dissipation (and therefore power density). 相似文献
9.
Mohd Zulkifli Salleh Jeremy P. Derrick Zakuan Zainy Deris 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(14)
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents significant social, economic and political challenges worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 has caused over 3.5 million deaths since late 2019. Mutations in the spike (S) glycoprotein are of particular concern because it harbours the domain which recognises the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and is the target for neutralising antibodies. Mutations in the S protein may induce alterations in the surface spike structures, changing the conformational B-cell epitopes and leading to a potential reduction in vaccine efficacy. Here, we summarise how the more important variants of SARS-CoV-2, which include cluster 5, lineages B.1.1.7 (Alpha variant), B.1.351 (Beta), P.1 (B.1.1.28/Gamma), B.1.427/B.1.429 (Epsilon), B.1.526 (Iota) and B.1.617.2 (Delta) confer mutations in their respective spike proteins which enhance viral fitness by improving binding affinity to the ACE2 receptor and lead to an increase in infectivity and transmission. We further discuss how these spike protein mutations provide resistance against immune responses, either acquired naturally or induced by vaccination. This information will be valuable in guiding the development of vaccines and other therapeutics for protection against the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. 相似文献
10.
Amirali Baniasadi Babak Salamat Kaveh Jokar Deris 《Microprocessors and Microsystems》2009,33(4):326-332
Intel’s XScale which has powered many multimedia applications uses scoreboard to control instruction execution. Scoreboard stalls the pipeline whenever a source operand or functional unit is needed but not available. While waiting for the availability of the resources, the processor accesses the scoreboard every cycle. Such accesses consume energy without contributing to performance. We address this inefficiency by investigating stall behaviour and introduce an adaptive technique to avoid regular access to the scoreboard during stall periods. Our study shows that by using our technique and for the representative subset of MiBench benchmark suite studied here, it is possible to reduce scoreboard energy consumption by up to 33% while maintaining performance cost within 0.25%. 相似文献