MODELLING FACIAL COLOUR AND IDENTITY WITH GAUSSIAN MIXTURES

An integrated system for the acquisition, normalisation and recognition of moving faces in dynamic scenes is introduced. Four face recognition tasks are defined and it is argued that modelling person-specific probability densities in a generic face space using mixture models provides a technique applicable to all four tasks. The use of Gaussian colour mixtures for face detection and tracking is also described. Results are presented using data from the integrated system.     

An investigation into the possibility of using surface profiles for machine tool surveillance

Surfaces generated by machine tools are the fingerprint of the machine and tool combination. Any change in the condition of either should be reflected in the component produced, especially in the nature of the component surface generated and its dimensions. This paper investigates the possibility of using this approach to monitor the condition of the machine tool in order to predict failure or deterioration in performance.     

Effect of low level substitution of Sr–Ba on transport and magnetic behaviour of La<Subscript>0·67</Subscript>Ca<Subscript>0·33</Subscript>MnO<Subscript>3</Subscript>

In this paper we report the investigation of transition metal oxide compound, La_0·67Ca_0·25Sr_0·04Ba_0·04MnO₃ (LCSBMO), along with La_0·67Ca_0·33MnO₃ (LCMO), synthesized by sol–gel route under identical conditions. The effect of simultaneous low level substitution of large size ions such as Sr²⁺ and Ba^2 + for Ca^2 + ions on the electronic transport and magnetic susceptibility properties are analysed and compared apart from microstructure and lattice parameters. The temperature dependent electrical transport of the polycrystalline pellets of LCSBMO and LCMO when obeying the well studied law, r = r₀ + r₂   T²\rho = \rho_{0} + \rho_{2} \;T^{2} for T < T _MI , is observed to differ by more than 50% from the values of ρ ₀ and ρ ₂, with the former compound showing enhanced electrical conductivity than the latter. Similarly in fitting the adiabatic small polaron model for resistivity data of both the samples for T > T _MI , the polaron activation energy is found to differ by about 11%. In addition, the temperature dependent a.c. magnetic susceptibility study of the compounds shows a shift of about 6% in the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition temperature (285 K for LCSBMO and 270 K for LCMO).     

Transaction charges allocation using sensitivity factor methodology

Deregulation of the electricity industry aims for creating a competitive market to trade electricity, which generates a host of new technical challenges among market participants and power system researchers. One of the major challenges is to establish a cost for system services on a non-discriminatory basis. In this paper, the evaluation of transmission cost is proposed based on sensitivity factor method like AC Power Transfer Distribution Factor (ACPTDF) method for bilateral and multilateral transactions. The transacted power is estimated by ACPTDF method for each transaction. The advantages of the proposed methodology are demonstrated on a sample 6 bus, IEEE 30 bus and Indian Utility 69 bus systems. The solution provides a better pricing approach that can impact a more reasonable economic indicator for transmission cost.     

Formulations of the capacity planning problem considering manufacturing flexibility

This paper addresses the problem of determining the capacity requirements for a manufacturing system that consists of versatile metal removing machines, each of which may be configured to perform several different operations at varying levels of efficiency and cost. The number of each machine type required and the assignment of each machine type to different processes are determined by minimizing the sum of machine amortization costs and operating costs. Alternative formulations are presented to address non-splitting of a batch and non-splitting of the processing of a part. The formulations are illustrated using numerical examples.     

A computationally efficient approach for template matching-based image registration

Image registration using template matching is an important step in image processing. In this paper, a simple, robust and computationally efficient approach is presented. The proposed approach is based on the properties of a normalized covariance matrix. The main advantage of the proposed approach is that the image matching can be achieved without calculating eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a covariance matrix, hence reduces the computational complexity. The experimental results show that the proposed approach performs better in the presence of various noises and rigid geometric transformations.     

复合铸造制备稻壳灰增强AA6061铝合金及表征（英文）

稻壳灰(RHA)是一种有潜力的廉价铝基复合材料的增强颗粒。采用复合铸造方法制备不同稻壳灰含量(0,2%,4%,8%,质量分数)增强的AA6061铝合金复合材料。采用X射线衍射和扫描电镜对所制备复合材料进行表征。X射线衍射谱表明AA6061/RHA铝基复合材料中除RHA颗粒外未形成其他金属间化合物。扫描电镜图片表明RHA颗粒均匀分布在铝基体中。RHA基本分布在晶粒内部。此外,RHA颗粒与铝基体结合良好并形成清晰的界面。RHA颗粒的添加能提高铝基复合材料的显微硬度和抗拉强度。铝基复合材料的拉伸行为与其微观组织密切相关。     

An investigation on microwave sintering of Fe, Fe–Cu and Fe–Cu–C alloys

The powder characteristics of metallic powders play a key role during sintering. Densification and mechanical properties were also influenced by it. The current study examines the effect of heating mode on densification, microstructure, phase compositions and properties of Fe, Fe–2Cu and Fe–2Cu–0·8C systems. The compacts were heated in 2·45 GHz microwave sintering furnaces under forming gas (95%N₂–5%H₂) at 1120 °C for 60 min. Results of densification, mechanical properties and microstructural development of the microwave-sintered samples were reported and critically analysed in terms of various powder processing steps.     

Studies on the interaction of ‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate from green tea with bovine β‐lactoglobulin by spectroscopic methods and docking

The binding interaction between‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) and bovine β‐lactoglobulin (βLG) was thoroughly studied by fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) and protein–ligand docking. Fluorescence data revealed that the fluorescence quenching of βLG by EGCG was the result of the formation of a complex of βLG–EGCG. The binding constants and thermodynamic parameters at two different temperatures and the binding force were determined. The binding interaction between EGCG and βLG was mainly hydrophobic and the complex was stabilised by hydrogen bonding. The results suggested that βLG in complex with EGCG changes its native conformation. Furthermore, preheat treatment (90 °C, 120 °C) and emulsifier (sucrose fatty acid ester) all boosted the binding constants (K_a) and the binding site values (n) of the βLG‐EGCG complex. This study provided important insight into the mechanism of binding interactions of green tea flavonoids with milk protein.