Effect of microwave heating time on the gel properties of chicken myofibrillar proteins and their formation mechanism

The present work was conducted to illustrate the mechanism of gel formation of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) under different microwave heating times. The results showed that the denaturation enthalpy (ΔH) of the MPs significantly decreased when the heating time increased from 3 to 9 s and then completely disappeared as the heating time progressed, indicating that the MPs gradually denatured and subsequently aggregated with increasing heating time, which was further verified by the changes in the secondary structure, electrophoretic bands, and gel properties (e.g., water holding capacity and textural profiles) of the MPs. Microstructural images indicated that the MP gel formed under 12 s had the most compact network, indicating that extended microwave heating time could induce quality deterioration of MP gels. Moreover, the hydrophobic forces, electrostatic forces, and disulphide bonds of the MPs gradually intensified with increasing microwave heating time, suggesting that both non-covalent and covalent bonds could promote molecular denaturation and subsequent aggregation of MPs. In addition, correlation analysis revealed that the changes in the molecular conformation of MPs induced by different microwave heating times could effectively regulate the formation of MP gels and their related properties.     

E-voting scheme using secret sharing and K-anonymity

E-voting maybe replaces the traditional voting scheme in the future, however, the security threat must be paid enough attention. In this paper, a novel e-voting scheme is proposed using secret sharing and k-anonymity, which not only satisfies the basic security goals such as the non-cheating, the universal verifiability, the confidentiality, and the anonymity, but also achieves the addition properties including coercion-resistance and unconditional security since the security of the proposed scheme does not rely on any computational hard problem.

     

条形码中距离动态识别技术研究

本文讨论了条形码中距离动态识别技术中扫描景深与扫描光束波长和条宽等要素之间的关系，提出了改善条形码读取距离的３种方法。为扩大条形码在工业过程控制、企业管理等领域的应用范围提供了理论依据。     

小容量机组保护监控一体化

以数字信号处理器(DSP)和复杂可编程逻辑器件(CPLD)为硬件平台,研制了新一代面向中、小型水电站的综合自动化模块.充分发挥MB40智能可编程逻辑控制器(iPLC)及MB100系列保护测控系统的技术优势,将小型水电站的保护装置做成模块插件,融入监控系统,降低了小型水电站自动化设备的成本,为推出真正意义上的面向小型水电站的"五合一"产品打下坚实的基础.     

久坐人群无器械训练动作识别与计数算法研究

针对久坐人群长期缺乏运动导致身体呈现亚健康状态和现有训练方法缺乏监督性的现状,提出一种人体动作识别与计数方法实现4种无器械训练动作精准识别与计数。以手机摄像头捕获训练者的视频信息作为输入,通过BlazePose网络模型处理得到的人体骨骼点数据经过数据滤波处理、特征提取后,利用3种常见的机器学习算法进行动作分类,将分类的结果结合骨骼信息,采用检测波峰波谷计数算法统计训练动作的完成次数。实验结果表明,采用GBDT算法得出动作识别率为96.5%,计数算法准确率为98.9%,具有良好的实际应用价值。     

医学图像数据压缩中的机器学习方法

在医学研究中会产生大量需要储存、传输的图像数据,如计算机断层扫描(CT)等.医院要处理海量患者的所有数据相当困难,必须对这些数据进行压缩.随着人工智能技术的发展,应用机器学习的医学图像数据压缩方法成为新的研究热点.文中首先总结了传统医学图像数据压缩方法;然后基于机器学习的医学图像数据压缩方法,对各类方法针对脑部CT、肺部CT等不同医学图像的压缩效果进行对比,并对这些方法在压缩率、算法复杂度、重构质量等方面的优缺点进行系统的总结,指出机器学习和感兴趣区域结合的方法可以在享受有损压缩带来的高压缩率的同时保留重要区域的特征信息,比其他压缩方法更贴合医学数据的压缩要求;最后展望了该领域的未来方向和挑战.     

Bone Tissue Response to the Bone-like Tissue Coating on Titanium

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of mineralized bone nodules, formed in vitro by bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs), on the new bone formation in bone defect and on implant surface. The mineralized bone nodules were generated by culture of Lewis rats BMSCs on titanium disks in osteogenic induction medium. The gap-healing animal model was used to create the bone defect facing the disk. The titanium disks in the presence of B group or in the absence of NB group bone nodules were randomly placed into one of the rat distal femurs. This self-control design was used to compare the bone formation in defects and on titanium surface, by Micro-CT, fluorescence staining, histological and histomorphometric analysis. The new bone formation parameters in bone defect area of B group were significantly higher than those of NB group at 2 weeks, including bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness and bone area ratio. The bone nodules pre-stained with Alizarin red disappeared mostly at 2 weeks, while the red fluorescence reappeared in the newly formed bone away from the disk surface. For the bone-implant contact, B group showed lower values than NB group at 2 weeks, but no significant difference was found at 4 weeks. Our results indicate that the mineralized bone nodules can be resorbed in vivo and promote the early osteogenesis in the bone defects, and bone nodules may be applicable for new bone generation in bone defect or modification of tissue engineering scaffold.     

基于生产经营状态识别的低误报率窃电检测二次筛查方法

数据驱动的窃电检测方法主要根据电量及派生指标识别低电量异常,容易受干扰影响误报。利用工商业用户生产经营状态指标大致固定的特点,提出基于生产经营状态识别的窃电二次筛查方法。首先,将检出的低电量异常用户每天的三相功率作为负荷特征,用以标识其当天的用电行为模式及生产经营状态。然后,将每天的负荷特征进行近邻传播聚类。当低电量异常时段负荷特征与正常低电量生产经营状态聚为同类时,认为是用户状态正常转换导致的异常,可排除窃电嫌疑。基于实际窃电数据的测试表明,所提方法可降低误报率。     

多尺度卷积神经网络检测睡眠呼吸暂停

睡眠呼吸暂停综合征作为一种常见的与睡眠相关的呼吸障碍性疾病,受到众多的关注。由于其复杂的检诊断过程及昂贵的价格,吸引了众多研究学者探索基于单通道信号的快速、便捷检测方法。基于心电信号(ECG)提出了一种多尺度卷积神经网络睡眠呼吸暂停快速检测方法,与常规的单尺度卷积神经网络方法相比,该方法可以有效地结合信号的细节信息和抽象信息,提升卷积神经网络的特征呈现能力。通过PhysioNet提供的Apnea-ECG数据库进行验证,多尺度卷积神经网络获得了85.2%准确率、83.1%敏感性和86.5%特异性。与现有方法相比,该方法进一步提升了睡眠呼吸暂停的检测性能。