规整有机分子自聚集体对铜的高效缓蚀的研究

通过多步法合成了离子型含双苯并三氮唑环的目标分子，4，4'-{苯-1，3-二基二[(1E)-3-羰基丙-1-烯-1，3-二基]}二[2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)苯醇酸]二钾。在室温条件下，目标分子在3.5%（质量）NaCl/DMSO（二甲基亚枫）混合溶液 （体积比：40/60） 中能够发生分子自组装产生纳-微米级的自聚集体。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 （FT-IR）、拉曼光谱和X射线光电子能谱 （XPS） 的表征，证实了所形成的目标分子自聚集体能够对铜表面产生强烈的化学吸附作用，在铜表面形成自组装膜。利用电化学方法测定了目标分子自聚集体吸附在铜表面形成自组装膜后，在3.5%（质量）NaCl溶液中的缓蚀性能。结果表明目标分子自聚集体在NaCl溶液中能高效地抑制铜腐蚀。     

盐浓度对交联聚合物线团形态的影响

用核孔膜过滤法 (过滤体积对过滤时间作图 )、动态光散射法 (DLS)和扫描电镜法 (SEM )研究了交联反应前后盐 (NaCl)浓度变化对低浓度HPAM与AlCit形成的交联聚合物溶液 (LPS)中交联聚合物线团 (LPC)形态的影响。所用HPAM相对分子质量 1.1× 10 7～ 1.4× 10 7,LPS中HPAM与Al的质量比 2 0∶1,HPAM浓度 0 .1或 0 .2 g/L ,交联反应温度 40℃ ,时间 7天。实验结果表明 :①LPC的平均水力半径Rh(DLS测定值 )随交联反应时盐浓度的增大先减小后增大 ,盐浓度由 0 .5 g/L增加到 2 g/L时Rh 由 45 0nm迅速减小到 2 5 0nm ,盐浓度增加到 2 0 g/L时Rh达到最小值 16 0nm ,此后随盐浓度的继续增加Rh 有所增大 ;盐浓度 0 .5和 2 .0 g/L时Rh 的SEM测定值分别为45 0和 2 5 0nm ,与DLS结果一致。②交联反应完成后改变LPS的盐浓度 ,也可改变LPC的Rh 值 ,但改变幅度较小 ;盐浓度 0 .5 g/L时形成的LPS ,当盐浓度增加至 2 g/L时 ,Rh 值由 45 0nm减小至 35 9nm ,大于盐浓度 2 g/L时形成的LPS的Rh 值 (2 46nm) ;盐浓度 2 g/L时形成的LPS ,当盐浓度减少至 0 .5 g/L时 ,Rh 值由 2 46nm增大至32 6nm ,小于盐浓度 0 .5g/L时形成的LPS的Rh 值 (4 5 0nm)。用盐浓度改变引起LPC水化层厚度改变 ,线团收缩或舒张解释盐浓度改变时Rh 测定值的     

KCl与NaCl在低盐固态法酱油发酵中的应用比较

对KCl与NaCl在低盐固态酱油发酵中的应用进行了比较研究。结果表明：用KCl代替NaCl，KCl的浓度要高于NaCl才能抑制发酵期间杂茵的污染，且使用KCl的发酵效果比NaCl要好。     

Substituted uracils as corrosion inhibitors for copper in 3% NaCl solution

Substituted uracils were tested as corrosion inhibitors of copper in 3% NaCl medium using electrochemical polarisation, impedance measurements and non-electrochemical techniques (weight loss, IR and UV-visible). This study permitted to follow the evolution of the inhibitory effect of the uracil derivatives, according to their substituents, on copper in 3% NaCl medium. Comparison of results showed that dithiouracil (DTUr) was the best inhibitor. The maximum inhibition efficiency reached 98% at 10⁻³ M. DTUr adsorbs on the copper surface according to the Frumkin isotherm model.     

Paste Residence Time in a Spouted Bed Dryer. II: Effect of Spout Operational Conditions

Residence time distributions for an aqueous solution of 10% sodium chloride in a spouted bed dryer of inert particles were determined using the stimulus-response technique. Glass and polyethylene beads with diameters 2.6 and 3.4 mm were used as inert bodies in a cylindrical column of 14.0 cm diameter and 60° conical base. The effects of inert bodies load, air, and paste flow rates on the mean residence times and RTD were determined following 2³ factorial designs. The RTD could be correlated to the perfect mixing cell model with R² varying from 0.8684 to 0.9815. The mean residence times in CSBD varied from 10.8 to 13.9 and 10.7 to 13.3 min for glass and polyethylene beads, respectively. For both inert particles, mean residence times increased with bed height and decreased with paste feed rates. Also, terms of interaction among the factors were significant in some cases, showing a complex behavior of paste residence times. Equations obtained by response surface regression could predict mean residence times on glass and polyethylene beads with deviations lower than ±10%.     

Corrosion Behavior of a Sputtered K38G Nanocrystalline Coating with a Solid NaCl Deposit in Wet Oxygen at 600 to 700°C

A nanocrystalline coating of K38G alloy was obtained by means of magnetron sputtering. The corrosion behavior of cast K38G alloy and its sputtered nanocrystalline coating with a solid NaCl deposit in dry air or wet oxygen at 600 and 700°C have been studied and compared. The results indicated that the mass gain of the coating is higher than that of the cast alloy at 600 and 700°C. Therefore, nanocrystallization reduced the corrosion resistance at these temperatures. Furthermore, the mass gains of the coating and the cast alloy with a NaCl deposit in wet oxygen were less than that with a NaCl deposit in dry air. The relevant corrosion mechanisms are discussed.     

氨荒酸盐抑制铜在NaCl溶液中腐蚀的电化学研究

通过电化学极化曲线和失重实验,研究了氨荒酸盐对铜在氯化钠溶液中的缓蚀性能,并与相应胺的缓蚀性能进行了对比。结果表明:氨荒酸盐对铜具有较好的缓蚀性能。     

钒冶炼焙烧添加剂选择研究

对小型钒冶炼厂焙烧工艺所用添加剂进行改进的可能性进行了探讨，研究了几种常用添加剂的焙烧条件，分析比较了其性能，提出用ＮａＣｌ－Ｎａ２ＣＯ３作焙烧添加剂替代ＮａＣｌ可大幅度减少大气污染，提高冶钒转化率；且不改变工艺流程，无需设备投资，具有较好的经济效益和环境效益。