溶胶-凝胶法制备磷钨酸-硅胶催化合成苹果酯

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了一系列磷钨酸-硅胶催化剂(PW/SG),考察了该催化剂催化乙酰乙酸乙酯与乙二醇液相缩合制备苹果酯的反应性能。实验结果表明,PW质量分数为40%时的PW/SG催化剂表现出最佳的催化活性;40%PW/SG催化剂制备苹果酯的最佳工艺条件为:n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(乙二醇)=1∶1.2,催化剂用量占反应物质量的0.36%,带水剂环己烷用量占反应物体积的30%,反应温度383K,反应时间90min;在此条件下,乙酰乙酸乙酯的转化率可达95.5%,苹果酯的选择性大于97%;催化剂稳定性实验表明,经5次重复使用,40%PW/SG催化剂的活性基本保持不变,乙酰乙酸乙酯转化率稳定在95.0%左右。     

磷钨钼杂多酸掺杂聚苯胺催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛

报道了以磷钨钼杂多酸掺杂聚苯胺为催化剂,通过丁醛和乙二醇反应合成了丁醛乙二醇缩醛。系统考察了醛醇物质的量比、催化剂用量以及反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响。确定适宜的工艺条件为n(丁醛)∶n(乙二醇)=1∶1.5,催化剂的质量为反应物料总质量的0.8%,反应时间1.0 h。在此反应条件下,丁醛乙二醇缩醛的收率可达71.1%。     

碘掺杂聚苯胺催化合成苯甲醛-1,2-丙二醇缩醛

自制了PAn(聚苯胺)-I2(碘)催化剂,并对其结构进行了表征。通过苯甲醛和1,2-丙二醇为原料合成苯甲醛-1,2-丙二醇缩醛,探讨了PAn-I2催化剂对缩醛反应的催化活性,表明PAn-I2是合成苯甲醛-1,2-丙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂。系统地研究了原料配比、催化剂用量、带水剂用量、反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响,在n苯甲醛∶n1,2-丙二醇=1∶1.5、催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0.98%、带水剂环己烷用量为14mL、反应时间2h的优化条件下,苯甲醛-1,2-丙二醇缩醛的收率可达91.0%。     

乙酰乙酸乙酯与乙二醇在活性炭负载磷钨酸催化剂上合反应

表面活性剂处理的活性炭（C）过量浸渍负载磷钨杂多酸（PW）制备活性炭负载磷钨酸催化剂（PW／c）；氨气程序升温脱咐对催化剂酸性质表征，结果显示，负载质量分数为30％，催化剂30％PW／C具有最大酸量。反应测试表明，磷钨酸负载量为30％时催化剂具有最大活性，苹果酯收率为87．5％，适宜的原料配比。（乙酰乙酸乙酯）：n（乙二醇）=1：1.5，最佳反应温度80℃，最佳反应时间30min，表面活性剂处理过的催化剂连续使用9次，苹果酯的收率保持在85％以上。     

单质碘催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛

以单质碘为催化剂,通过丁醛和乙二醇反应合成了丁醛乙二醇缩醛。探讨了单质碘对缩酮反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了醛醇物质的量比、催化剂用量和反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明：在n（丁醛）∶n（乙二醇）=1∶1.5、催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0.4%、带水剂环己烷的用量为8mL和反应时间45min的优化条件下,丁醛乙二醇缩醛的收率可达77.6%.     

后缩醛改性聚醋酸乙烯乳液的研制

介绍了一种后缩醛改性聚醋酸乙烯乳液的制备方法，使聚醋酸乙烯乳液的耐水性、抗冻性能、粘接强度和流动性等有明显改善，可用于制备乳胶漆或其他对耐水性能有特殊要求的领域。     

A novel method to prepare poly(vinyl alcohol) water-soluble fiber with narrowly dissolving temperature range

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is an important water-soluble polymer. In this study, a novel method has been developed for preparing water-soluble PVA fiber with narrowly dissolving temperature range via wet spinning of partly acetalized PVA. The structures and properties of the fiber were characterized by IR, ¹H-NMR, DSC, WAXD, tensile strength tester, etc. IR and NMR spectra showed that acetal groups were successfully generated on the lateral chains of PVA with the catalysis of acid. As a small quantity of CH₂O was added, the introduction of the acetal group could reduce both the hydrophilicity of amorphous region and the crystallinity of PVA water-soluble fiber, and hence narrowed the dissolving temperature range of fiber. However, the dissolving temperature range was broadened with a further increase of CH₂O amount, because of the large decrease of crystallinity and crystallite perfection. When the CH₂O added amount reached up to 20%, the acetalized PVA was completely insoluble, so that the spinning process could not be carried out. The breaking strengths of most acetalized fibers were beyond 4 cN/dtex, which satisfied the ordinary use of industrial and domestic field. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

带有磺酸基团和羰基酸团的新固体酸的合成及其在缩醛化反应中的催化性能简

The novel solid acid with both sulfonic and carbonyl acid groups has been synthesized from 3-（（2-sulfoethoxy） carbonyl）acrylic acid and tetraethyl orthosilicate （TEOS）. The catalytic activities were investigated through the acetalization. The results showed that the novel solid acid was very efficient for the reactions with the high yields. The high acidity, high stability and reusability were the key feature of the novel solid acid. Moreover, the sulfonic and carbonyl acid groups could cooperate during the catalytic process, which improved its catalytic activities. The catalyst shows recyclability, and hold great potential for replacement of homogeneous catalysts.     

硫酸铁钾盐加合物催化合成香兰素1,2-丙二醇缩醛

以铁钾盐加合物为催化剂,通过香兰素与1,2-丙二醇反应合成了香兰素1,2-丙二醇缩醛。考察了铁钾盐加合物的催化活性,研究了醛醇摩尔配比、反应时间、催化剂用量及稳定性等对产物收率的影响。实验结果表明,铁钾盐加合物是合成香兰素与1,2-丙二醇的理想催化剂,其较优反应条件为:香兰素0.1mol、n(香兰素)/n(1,2-丙二醇)=1.0/2.4(mol/mol),催化剂的用量为反应物总质量的2.0%,16mL苯带水剂,回流反应3.0h,香兰素1,2-丙二醇缩醛的收率可达86.0%以上。     

钨磷酸掺混聚苯胺催化合成苯甲醛缩乙二醇

以自制的钨磷酸掺混聚苯胺(H3PW12O40/PAn)为催化剂,用苯甲醛和乙二醇为原料合成了苯甲醛缩乙二醇。适宜反应条件为:n(苯甲醛):n(乙二醇)=1:1.5,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0.8%,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间1.0h。苯甲醛缩乙二醇的收率可达85.7%。