CMCS/PNIPA/粘土纳米复合水凝胶的结构与性能

以无机粘土作为交联剂制备了pH/温度双重响应的羧甲基壳聚糖/聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)/粘土半互穿网络(CMCS/PNIPA/Clay semi-IPN)纳米复合水凝胶,对其结构、形态及溶胀行为等进行了研究。实验表明,无机粘土被剥离成纳米尺寸的片层,均匀分散在凝胶网络中,起交联剂的作用,CMCS以线性大分子存在于水凝胶中。CMCS/PNIPA/Clay纳米复合水凝胶在33℃出现体积相转变,与传统PNIPA凝胶一致;当pH值在CMCS的等电点附近时,凝胶的溶胀度出现最小值。     

壳聚糖及其衍生物作为纸张抗菌剂的研究

壳聚糖是自然界中产量仅次于纤维素的第二大天然高分子化合物,是一种高效的天然抗菌剂。主要论述了壳聚糖及其衍生物的结构、性质和制备方法,以及其抗菌性在造纸工业的应用。     

羧甲基壳聚糖离子配位微球的制备及性能研究

以羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCHS)为主要原料,采用静电脉冲液滴发生器制备羧甲基壳聚糖离子配位微球。光学显微镜观察微球具备规整形貌,扫描电镜分析显示干球粒径约为100μm且表面呈多孔结构;红外光谱证明其内部具有由CMCHS上的羧酸根与Ca^2 配位形成的羧酸盐结构。溶胀实验表明,CMCHS溶液浓度、金属离子种类及其浓度等制备条件均影响微球的溶胀性能．且其溶胀行为对pH值较敏感。药物体外释放初步研究表明,CaCl2浓度和释放介质pH值均对微球的释放性能产生影响。研究对其进一步应用于药物释放等领域具有重要意义。     

羧甲基壳聚糖在水处理中的应用研究

以在适宜条件下制得的羧甲基壳聚糖为基础,研究了该羧甲基壳聚糖对高岭土的絮凝作用,同时利用EDTA络合滴定法,研究了羧甲基壳聚糖对Pb2 的吸附作用,从而对羧甲基壳聚糖应用于水处理进行了探讨。     

Preparation and properties of core–shell alginate–carboxymethylchitosan hydrogels

BACKGROUND: Hydrogels of alginate (ALG) with partially carboxymethylated chitosan (CMCHI) have been produced for drug delivery, based on the interactions between the negative groups and an ionic crosslinker. In the present work, CMCHI was used to evaluate the influence of amino groups that are positively charged at pH = 4 and 6 on the ALG–CMCHI core–shell hydrogel preparation. An ANOVA statistics tool was used to evaluate the effect of composition, pH and chitosan chemical nature on the morphology and swelling properties of the hydrogels in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). RESULTS: The ALG–CMCHI core–shell hydrogels presented smaller (ca 2.3 µm) and more homogeneous microparticles than those with unmodified chitosan (ca 5.5 µm). The ALG–CMCHI hydrogels showed higher thermal stability and lower degree of swelling in SGF (314%) compared to those with chitosan (708%), since in the former hydrogels the protective layers that surround the particles are negatively charged. CONCLUSION: CMCHI can replace chitosan in the production of core–shell hydrogels with improved properties since the negative charge surrounding the ALG–CMCHI particles favours a lower degree of swelling. The results point out a possible prevention of burst release in SGF, sustaining the swelling ability of the ALG–CMCHI core–shell hydrogels in SIF, promising appropriate drug release. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Thermo‐ and pH‐sensitive poly(vinylmethyl ether)/carboxymethylchitosan hydrogels crosslinked using electron beam irradiation or using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker

BACKGROUND: Stimuli‐sensitive or intelligent hydrogels have been investigated for many biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Those hydrogels with dual sensitivity will have more extensive potential applications. The aim of the work presented was to prepare a series of thermo‐ and pH‐sensitive hydrogels based on poly(vinylmethyl ether) (PVME) and carboxymethylchitosan (CMCS). The hydrogels were crosslinked using electron beam irradiation (EB) or using glutaraldehyde (GA) as a crosslinker at room temperature. RESULTS: The structures of the PVME/CMCS hydrogels obtained using the two crosslinking methods are proposed. The effects of component polymer ratio, GA content, irradiation dose, temperature and pH on the swelling behavior of the PVME/CMCS hydrogels were studied. There is a sharp decrease in the swelling ratios when the temperature increases from 25 to 37 °C. At low pH and also at high pH, the hydrogels have a higher swelling ratio; however, deswelling occurs evidently at a pH of around 3. CONCLUSION: The study shows that both EB and GA crosslinked hydrogels are thermo‐ and pH‐ sensitive, simultaneously. Thus, they may be potential candidates for both thermo‐ and pH‐sensitive applications. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

纤维素/羧甲基壳聚糖共混膜结构与抗菌性能

对壳聚糖羰甲基化修饰合成羰甲基壳聚糖，于纤维素的新溶剂6％（质量）NaOH/4%（质量）尿素中制备出纤维/羧甲基壳聚糖共混膜。实验表明，共混膜中羰甲基壳聚糖含量低于50％（质量）时，二者具有良好的相容性，其干，湿态拉伸强度在羧甲基壳聚糖含量20％（质量）时达到最大，分别为94．5MPa和49.4MPa，比纤维素膜分别提高了13．2％和26％。抗菌性能测试显示，共混膜对金黄色葡萄球菌（St.aureus)的抗菌性大于纤维素膜，并且随羰甲基壳糖含量的增加而增强，羧甲基壳聚糖的取代度在0．4左右时，共混膜具有最佳的抗菌效果。     

Surface modification of ePTFE vascular grafts with O‐carboxymethylchitosan

O‐Carboxymethylchitosan (OCMCS) was covalently immobilized onto expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ePTFE) vascular graft using a photosensitive hetero‐bifunctional crosslinking reagent, 4‐azidobenzoic acid. 4‐Azidobenzoic‐bonded OCMCS (Az‐OCMCS) was prepared by reaction between an acid group of the crosslinking reagent and a free amino group of OCMCS. Immobilization was accomplished by irridiating the A₃‐OCMCS coating on the substrate surface with ultraviolet light. Electron spectroscopy and water contact angle were used to characterize that OCMCS had been bonded on the ePTFE vascular graft surface. The hydrophilicity of ePTFE was enhanced greatly by surface bonding with OCMCS. Platelet adhesion assay showed that the ePTFE vascular surface bonded with OCMCS demonstrated good blood‐compatibility. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Preparation,characterisation and in vitro cytotoxicity studies of chelerythrine-loaded magnetic Fe3O4@O-carboxymethylchitosan nanoparticles

In this work, a novel, active tumour-targeting system (Fe₃O₄@OCMCS-CHE) was designed by surface-modifying superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄) with O-carboxymethylchitosan (OCMCS) to improve their biocompatibility and ability to target specific tumour cells. The chelerythrine (CHE) was used as the model of anti-tumour drug in this system. The optimised formulation was characterised and confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), in vitro drug release and so on. It was found that the synthesised nanoparticles were spherical in shape with an average size of 60 nm, the drug loading content and entrapment efficiency were 8.32 ± 0.25% (w/w) and 90.65 ± 0.46% (w/w), respectively, and the saturated magnetisation reached 27.06 emu/g. The in vitro drug-release behaviour from nanoparticles displayed a biphasic drug-release pattern with initial burst release and consequently sustained release. Also, the effect of magnetic targeted nanoparticles on the proliferation of human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) in vitro was investigated. The results from 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Hochest assays suggested that the Fe₃O₄@OCMCS-CHE nanoparticles could effectively inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells, which displayed time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner. All these results indicated that the multifunctional Fe₃O₄@OCMCS nanoparticles possess a high drug loading efficiency, have low cytotoxicity, and are promising candidates for targeted drug delivery.     

羧甲基壳聚糖及其纤维的制备及表征

用氯乙酸改性处理壳聚糖(CS)制备羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCS),采用湿法纺丝法制备CMCS纤维,考察了纺丝原液浓度、醋酸水溶液体积分数、凝固时间对CMCS纤维力学性能的影响;通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射以及热失重分析对CS,CMCS及其纤维进行表征。结果表明:CMCS发生了羧甲基取代,同时CMCS结晶度降低;CMCS纤维结构中含有结合水,热分解温度为270℃;纺丝原液CMCS的质量分数为50%,醋酸水溶液的体积分数为2%、凝固时间为12 min时,CMCS纤维的断裂强度达0.644 cN/dtex。