Microstructure,wear and corrosion characteristics of multiple-reinforced (SiC–B4C–Al2O3) Al matrix composites produced by liquid metal infiltration

In this study, AA7075 aluminum matrix composites reinforced with the combination of SiC, Al₂O₃, and B₄C particles were fabricated by the liquid metal infiltration method. The effects of the relative ratio of B₄C and Al₂O₃ particles on the microstructural, wear, and corrosion features of the composite samples were analyzed using XRD, light metal microscopy, SEM, EDS, Brinell hardness, ball-on-disc type tribometer, and potentiodynamic polarization devices. It was determined that infiltration occurred more successfully, and homogenously distributed particles with reduced porosity were obtained as the amount of Al₂O₃ increased. Worn surface studies revealed that the specimens were predominantly worn by abrasion and adhesion. The increase in B₄C/Al₂O₃ ratio caused a decrease in the hardness and wear strength, whereas it increased the corrosion resistance.     

Compressive strength and wear properties of SiC/Al6061 composites reinforced with high contents of SiC fabricated by pressure-assisted infiltration

Pressure-assisted infiltration was used to synthesize SiC/Al 6061 composites containing high weight percentages of SiC. A combination of PEG and glass water was used to fabricate SiC preforms and the effect of the presence of glass water on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the preforms was evaluated by performing compression tests on the preforms. Also, the compressive strength and the hardness of the SiC/Al composites were investigated. The results revealed that the glass water improved the compressive strength of the preforms by about five times. The microstructural characterization of the composites showed that the penetration of the aluminum melt into the preforms was completed and almost no porosity could be seen in the microstructures of the composites. Moreover, the composite containing 75 wt% SiC exhibited the highest compressive strength as well as the maximum hardness. The results of the wear tests showed that increasing the SiC content reduces the wear rate so that the Al-75 wt% SiC composite has a lower wear rate and a lower coefficient of friction than those of Al-67 wt% SiC composite. This indicated higher wear resistance in these composites than the Al alloy due to the formation of a tribological layer on the surface of the composites.     

Effects of short carbon fiber on the macro-properties,mechanical performance and microstructure of SiSiC composite fabricated by selective laser sintering

Selective laser sintering was combined with reactive melt infiltration to fabricate SiSiC part, and the effects of carbon fiber (C_f) on the properties of the SLS green body, the carbonized and final SiSiC sample were investigated. Results show that the addition of an appropriate amount of C_f (1.59 wt%~2.97 wt%) can increase the bulk density and geometric precision of the sample at all stages, and improve the mechanical properties of green and carbonized samples. The main phases composed of the SiSiC composite were free Si, a-SiC, β-SiC, plus a very small amount of Al–Si alloy. With 1.59 wt% C_f addition, a relatively comprehensive favorable macro-properties of both the green sample and carbonized sample was achieved, and the homogeneous microstructure of the latter favored the decreased free Si content and increased β-SiC content of the final composite. The evolution mechanism of C_f added to the raw material is inferred to be the mutual diffusion of [C] and [Si] that occurred at the C_f/Si melt boundary leading to the formation of the siliconized C_f with relatively large diameter size (24.3 μm) and high aspect ratio (>30). Amorphous C, which derived from the pyrolysis of epoxy resin E12, undergone a dissolution-precipitation mechanism with the formation of fine-grain β-SiC.     

微裂隙中水泥浆液渗滤效应的可视化试验研究

在微裂隙岩体注浆过程中,水泥浆液的渗滤效应对注浆效果的影响显著。自主研制了一套微裂隙注浆可视化试验系统,该系统由注浆系统、微裂隙模型以及监测系统3个部分组成,监测系统又分为显微监测系统和压力流量监测系统。当水泥浆液进入微裂隙模型后,利用显微监测系统对裂隙入口处的渗滤效应进行实时观测。利用压力流量监测系统对注浆试验过程中的注浆压力以及累计流量进行自动记录。运用自主设计的微裂隙注浆可视化试验系统,对微裂隙中的水泥浆液渗滤过程进行试验研究。采用3种水泥浆材(超细水泥Ⅰ、超细水泥Ⅱ和普通水泥),研究在注浆压力2.0 MPa、水灰比1.0的条件下,不同水泥颗粒粒径大小在不同裂隙开度下的浆液渗滤效应。通过试验发现,当裂隙开度较小时,在裂隙入口处形成了完整的半圆拱形滤饼;随着裂隙开度的增加,在裂隙入口处形成断续分布状滤饼;当裂隙开度增加到无渗滤发生时,裂隙入口处仅残留少量水泥颗粒附着物。通过试验获得了3种水泥的最小可注入裂隙开度大小b min和最小无渗滤裂隙开度大小b crit:超细水泥Ⅰ的b min和b crit分别为80和280μm;超细水泥Ⅱ的b min和b crit分别为100和300μm;普通水泥的b min和b crit分别为140和310μm。研究结果发现水泥粒径的减小对最小可注入裂隙开度大小的影响较大,但对最小无渗滤裂隙开度大小的影响较小。结合渗滤趋势k值,发现随着水泥粒径的减小,相应的k min和k crit值会随之增加,水泥浆液更容易在裂隙入口处发生渗滤,这是因为超细水泥比表面积更大,水泥颗粒间易发生团聚。     

不同管距时玉米渗灌效果的试验研究

在运城市夹马口灌区和红旗灌区进行了1996,1997两个年度的玉米渗灌试验,研究了不同毛管间距条件下渗灌对其产量及水分生产率等的影响。结果表明,玉米渗灌毛管间距采用0.8~1.0 m较为适宜。毛管间距愈大,产量愈低;渗灌较地面灌平均减产7.23%,较旱地平均增产30.8%;玉米生长期内总耗水量地面灌最大,渗灌次之,旱地最小。渗灌可明显提高玉米水分生产率,渗灌处理水分生产率平均为1.65 kg/m3,是地面灌的1.2倍,是旱地的1.33倍;两年度渗灌较地面灌平均节水44.4%。     

透水坡面降雨径流过程的运动波近似解析解

本文从坡面流运动波理论的基本方程出发，利用运动波特征线法和分级叠加法，推导出了实验条件下考虑净雨强随时间变化的坡面流运动波方程近似解析解。用实验实测资料对模拟计算结果进行了验证。结果表明，坡面漫流过程的模拟计算结果与实测资料符合良好。     

矿山岩土工程系统环境质量评价指标体系

矿山现行的环境影响评价及其提交的环境影响报告书,是将矿山开发视为单个建设项目且只注重污染物排放和简单数量分析的单要素评价.本文将矿山开发视为统一系统,充分考虑系统内矿石开采、废石场、尾矿库等岩土工程及其矿岩氧化淋滤产生的毒害物质对矿区及其区域水土环境潜在而长期的影响,建立矿山岩士工程系统环境质量评价的指标体系,以改变矿山环境评价的传统旧式,规范和监督矿山开采行为,实现矿业开发与环境保护的协调发展.     

基于神经网络的降雨径流预报

本文将人工神经网络应用于二滩水电站以上支流鱼河的降雨径流预报，通过建模、计算、比较和分析可知，其非线性映射能力、自学习能力和灵活性，均能较好地反映降雨径流之间的非线性的、复杂的转换关系，结合流域水文特性并合理处理建模数据，值得进一步深入研究。     

减少氮、磷流失的多目标控制排水模型

运用多目标决策技术,减少农田排水氮、磷输出,保持适宜作物生长的土壤含水量,探讨地表控制排水的控制时间。通过田间试验和SPSS回归模拟,应用均值土壤一维垂直入渗Philip公式计算累计入渗量,研究田间尺度降雨排水中氮、磷浓度的变化规律,拟合控制排水氮、磷浓度对数函数模拟方程。建立减少氮、磷流失和排涝、除渍的多目标控制排水模型,提出求解模型的非劣解和均衡解的方法。