基于机器学习和心率变异性的经皮耳迷走神经电刺激疼痛阈值预测

经皮耳迷走神经电刺激（taVNS）作为新兴的精神和心血管疾病的治疗方法,其刺激强度设置需要将刺激电流调整至疼痛阈值后再降低其幅值。该设置方式不仅缺乏一致性,且影响治疗效果和舒适度。本文提出了一种结合心率变异性（HRV）特征和机器学习回归模型的新方法,实现了taVNS疼痛阈值的预测。基于实验采集的数据,系统的比较了将HRV特征作为各种机器学习模型输入的预测精度。结果表明,HRV特征与极端随机树的组合性能最优,使用遗传算法去除冗余特征能够有效改善模型预测性能,均方根误差在1.18到1.56之间,均方差在0.77到0.96之间。该方法可用于不同个体的taVNS刺激强度的预测,对受试者在taVNS期间的治疗效果有积极作用。     

新生儿经皮黄疸检测仪的校准

针对经皮黄疸检测仪在使用过程中测量结果无法溯源的问题,通过分析经皮黄疸检测仪的检测原理,研究其测量结果与血清法测胆红素的相关性,提出可尝试采用标准溶液法、标准板法和胆红素浓度模拟法对经皮黄疸检测仪进行校准,并探讨了校准方法的可行性。     

基于磁能传递的血泵驱动系统研究

能线带来的耦合力矩量是血泵正常工作的动力，能量传递方式直接影响血泵在临床的应用效果，利用磁场传递能量可以避免穿皮导术后感染等不利因素。在建立磁力驱动。在血泵体积和重量受限制的条件下，模型的基础上，利用磁场和有限元等理论，分析、计算不同条件下磁场通过改变永磁体的极对数，可以改善磁力驱动扭矩。计算结果和实测结果表明，磁能作为血泵穿皮能量传递的方式是可行的，所建立的分析模型和推荐的提高驱动扭矩的方法，对后续研究工作具有一定的指导作用。     

基于脑电非线性动力学特征探究TEAS内关穴对焦虑的影响

基于脑电非线性动力学特征,探究经皮穴位电刺激(TEAS)内关穴对焦虑的影响及其机制.实验选取l2位焦虑受试者随机分为TEAS内关穴干预组(穴位组)和TEAS非穴位干预组(非穴位组),分别采集电刺激前后各组受试者脑电数据,提取脑电信号的特征近似熵(ApEn)与关联维数(D2),分析大脑复杂度的变化,同时比较电刺激前后焦虑...     

大鼠经皮电阻试验在化妆品安全性评价中的应用

目的 探讨大鼠经皮电阻试验在化妆品皮肤腐蚀性/刺激性评价中的应用。方法 依照我国《化妆品安全技术规范》(2015版)中体外皮肤腐蚀性大鼠经皮电阻试验方法, 分别以Wistar大鼠和SD大鼠对7种化学品和5种化妆品进行皮肤腐蚀性检测, 考察该方法在化妆品成品检验中的可行性。结果 两品系大鼠经皮电阻试验判定7种化学品和5种化妆品结论一致, 方法灵敏性100%, 特异性75%, 两品系大鼠判定结果均将异丙醇和十二烷基磺酸钠(20%)判定为假阳性。结论 大鼠经皮电阻试验方法可用于化妆品及其原料皮肤腐蚀性的初筛。     

经表皮能量传输系统电气参数优化设计

由于经表皮能量传输系统各种参数之间存在着复杂的耦合和非线性关系,在确定系统电气参数时,需要根据设计指标反复调节才能获得期望值,过程复杂,计算量大,效率不高.提出一种用于经表皮能量传输系统电气参数初步设计的非线性约束最优化模型.通过优化电气参数可以改善经表皮能量传输系统的电气特性.尝试使用遗传算法求取最优解.同时建立基于...     

Microneedle‐Assisted,DC‐Targeted Codelivery of pTRP‐2 and Adjuvant of Paclitaxel for Transcutaneous Immunotherapy

This work aims at developing an immunotherapeutic strategy to deliver a cancer DNA vaccine targeting dendritic cells (DCs), to trigger their maturation and antitumor function, and reduce immune escape using a polymeric nanocomplex of paclitaxel (PTX)‐encapsulated sulfobutylether‐β‐cyclodextrin (SBE)/mannosylated N,N,N‐trimethylchitosan (mTMC)/DNA. To enhance DC‐targeting and revoke immunosuppression is the major challenge for eliciting effective antitumor immunity. This codelivery system is characterized by using low‐dose PTX as an adjuvant that is included inside SBE, and the PTX/SBE further serves as an anionic crosslinker to self‐assemble with the cationic mTMC/DNA polyplexes. This system is used in combination with a microneedle for transcutaneous vaccination. Once penetrating into the epidermis, the mannosylated nanocomplexes would preferentially deliver the pTRP‐2 DNA vaccine inside the DCs. Phenotypic maturation is demonstrated by the increased expression of costimulatory molecules of CD80 and CD86, and the elevated secretion of IL‐12p70. The mixed leucocyte reactions reveal that the PTX/SBE‐mTMC/DNA nanocomplexes enhance the proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and inhibit the generation of immune‐suppressive FoxP3+ T cells. The system shows high antitumor efficacy in vivo. The PTX/SBE‐mTMC/DNA nanocomplexes for DC‐targeted codelivery of DNA vaccine and adjuvant PTX yield synergistic effects on the DC maturation and its presenting functions, thus increasing immune stimulation and reducing immune escape.     

Development and in vitro evaluation of a nanoemulsion for transcutaneous delivery

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop a nanoemulsion formulation for its use as a transcutaneous vaccine delivery system.

Materials and methods: With bovine albumin-fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugate (FITC-BSA) as a vaccine model, formulations were selected with the construction of pseudo-ternary phase diagrams and a short-term stability study. The size of the emulsion droplets was furthered optimized with high-pressure homogenization. The optimized formulation was evaluated for its skin permeation efficiency. In vitro skin permeation studies were conducted with shaved BALB/c mice skin samples with a Franz diffusion cell system. Different drug concentrations were compared, and the effect of the nanoemulsion excipients on the permeation of the FITC-BSA was also studied.

Results: The optimum homogenization regime was determined to be five passes at 20?000?psi, with no evidence of protein degradation during processing. With these conditions, the particle diameter was 85.2?nm?±?15.5?nm with a polydispersity index of 0.186?±?0.026 and viscosity of 14.6 cP?±?1.2 cP. The optimized formulation proved stable for 1 year at 4?°C. In vitro skin diffusion studies show that the optimized formulation improves the permeation of FITC-BSA through skin with an enhancement ratio of 4.2 compared to a neat control solution. Finally, a comparison of the skin permeation of the nanoemulsion versus only the surfactant excipients resulted in a steady state flux of 23.44?μg/cm²/h for the nanoemulsion as opposed to 6.10?μg/cm²/h for the emulsifiers.

Conclusion: A novel nanoemulsion with optimized physical characteristics and superior skin permeation compared to control solution was manufactured. The formulation proposed in this study has the flexibility for the incorporation of a variety of active ingredients and warrants further development as a transcutaneous vaccine delivery vehicle.     

特定输出功率下表皮能量传输系统优化设计

经表皮能量传输系统通过空气间隙中的耦合磁场,将能量由体外一次能量源耦合传输到体内植入的能量二次能量接收端。针对不同的应用情况,提出了指定输出功率下,对系统进行优化的方法。优化理论以传输效率为目标函数,一次二次能量线圈为设计变量,以频率分叉现象和元器件的最大峰值电流和电压作为约束条件。最后使用MATLAB/Simulink对分析结果进行验证。     

适用于植入式医疗的三线圈经皮能量传输

经皮能量传输方式是目前植入式医疗设备系统供电方式的研究热点,研究如何提高其传输效率和传输有效距离具有重大的应用价值.本文在分析互感耦合理论的基础上,结合互感耦合和强磁耦合的特点,提出了一种适用于经皮能量传输的三线圈耦合结构,并对其进行了相关的理论推导.结果表明：当耦合系数小于0.25时,三线圈耦合结构对耦合效率具有增强作用;在耦合系数为0.04时可提高将近一倍的效率.实验结果也很好地验证了理论分析结果.