Electronic regulation and core-shell hybrids engineering of palm-leaf-like NiFe/Co(PO3)2 bifunctional electrocatalyst for efficient overall water splitting

Constructing efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting remains a challenge because of the sluggish reaction kinetics. Herein, the core-shell hybrids composed of Co(PO₃)₂ nanorod core and NiFe alloy shell in situ grown on nickel foam (NiFe/Co(PO₃)₂@NF) are synthesized. Owing to the hierarchical palm-leaf-like structures and strong adhesion between NiFe alloys, Co(PO₃)₂ and substrates, the catalyst provides a large surface area and rapid charge transfer, which facilitates active sites exposure and conductivity enhancement. The interfacial effect in the NiFe/Co(PO₃)₂ core-shell structure modulates the electronic structure of the active sites around the boundary, thereby boosting the intrinsic activity. Benefiting from the stable structure, the durability of the catalyst is not impaired by the inevitable surface reconfiguration. The NiFe/Co(PO₃)₂@NF electrode presents a low cell voltage of 1.63 V to achieve 10 mA cm^?2 and manifests durability for up to 36 h at different current densities.     

面向应用的无线传感器网络

结合具体的应用环境分析了无线传感器网络发展到第二阶段需要考虑的重点问题；探讨了基于上述应用需求的无线传感器网络的协议栈结构和今后的研究方向。     

一种新的环网故障诊断与重构算法

为提高环网的容错性能，文献（1）提出了一种基于事件驱动的故障重构算法，其缺点是该算法只能容忍连线故障。本文给出一种新的采用时钟起时驱动的重构算法，该算法既能容忍连线故障也能容忍站（或节点）故障，且令牌控制较文献（1）的简单。     

Performance and cost trade-off in Tracking Area reconfiguration: A Pareto-optimization approach

Tracking Area (TA) design is one of the key tasks in location management of Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks. TA enables to trace and page User Equipments (UEs). As UEs distribution and mobility patterns change over time, TA design may have to undergo revisions. For revising the TA design, the cells to be reconfigured typically have to be temporary torn down. Consequently, this will result in service interruption and “cost”. There is always a trade-off between the performance in terms of the overall signaling overhead of the network and the reconfiguration cost. In this paper, we model this trade-off as a bi-objective optimization problem to which the solutions are characterized by Pareto-optimality. Solving the problem delivers a host of potential trade-offs among which the selection can be based on the preferences of a decision maker. An integer programming model has been developed and applied to the problem. Solving the integer programming model for various cost budget levels leads to an exact scheme for Pareto-optimization. In order to deliver Pareto-optimal solutions for large networks in one single run, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) embedded with Local Search (LS) is applied. Unlike many commonly adopted approaches in multi-objective optimization, our algorithm does not consider any weighted combination of the objectives. Comprehensive numerical results are presented in this study, using large-scale realistic or real-life network scenarios. The experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Comparative analysis of two different middleware approaches for reconfiguration of distributed real-time systems

Software-based reconfiguration of distributed real-time systems is a complex problem with many sides to it ranging from system-wide concerns down to the intrinsic non-robust nature of the specific middleware layer and the used programming techniques. In a completely open distributed system, mixing reconfiguration and real-time is not possible; the set of possible target states can be very large threatening the temporal predictability of the reconfiguration process. Over the last years, middle ware solutions have appeared mainly for general purpose systems where efficient state transitions are sought for, but real-time properties are not considered. One of the few contributions to run-time software reconfiguration in distributed real-time environments has been the iLAND middleware, where the germ of a solution with high potential has been conceived and delivered in practice.¹ The key idea has been the fact that a set of bounds and limitations to the structure of systems and to their open nature needs to be imposed in order to come up with practical solutions. In this paper, the authors present the different sides of the problem of software reconfiguration from two complementary middleware perspectives comparing two strategies built inside distribution middleware. We highlight the lessons learned in the iLAND project aimed at service-based reconfiguration and compare it to our experience in the development of distributed real-time Java reconfiguration based on distributed tasks rescheduling. Authors also provide a language view of both solutions. Lastly, empirical results are shown that validate these solutions and compare them on the basis of different programming language realizations.     

分布式测控网络重构及其应用

研究了一类分布式测控网络,分析了网络节点出现故障时网络连通性变化的特点,提出以网络平均度变化最小作为网络重构目标,给出一种基于平均度变化最小的分布式测控网络重构策略,并将其用于网络重构. 研究结果表明,该方法在分布式测控网络无法恢复原有结构的情况下能实现网络的连通性重构,并可应用于一类航空航天测控网络.     

基于可重构路由单元的软件构件描述语言研究与设计

随着路由器的研究重点从对路由器性能的提升发展到对路由器功能的扩展,可重构路由单元成为解决路由器功能扩展方面的一个很好的尝试。可重构路由单元的构件化设计引入了软件构件模型的思想。基于软件模型构件化开发,对可重构路由单元构件模型的描述及管理方法做了研究。软件构件描述语言和描述方法的研究与设计为下一步进行路由器构件化开发也打下了坚实的基础。     

三模冗余中局部重构及模块同步技术研究

传统的三模冗余方法仅能容错,无法进行故障修复,当两个模块出错时系统将无法正常工作;采用局部动态可重构技术虽然可以修复故障,但修复后的模块与其他模块状态不同步,无法立即工作,需等待系统完成当前任务后重新同步,在同步前如果另有模块发生故障,系统仍将无法工作。本文对三模冗余系统中的模块同步方法进行了研究,当某一故障模块被重构修复后,可以迅速与其他模块同步,尽快加入系统工作,避免因故障积累造成的系统失效。该方法可以有效缩短冗余模块从故障修复到重新加入系统工作之间的等待时间,大大提高三模冗余的可靠性。     

基于高级在轨系统的可重构复接器的设计

随着空间科学技术的快速发展,航天器的数据传输系统的任务变得日益复杂。传统复接器所支持的业务类型比较单一,其复用方式和调度策略往往都是固定不可变的。本文采用CCSDS建议的高级在轨系统(AOS)体制,设计一个可重构复接器,支持多种业务类型,兼容多种复用方式。通过配置寄存器的方式重构其复用方式和调度策略,具有极大的灵活性。