UHVDC入地电流暂态过程对变压器励磁特性的影响

为研究接地极入地暂态电流对变压器励磁特性的影响，提出一种针对UHVDC入地电流暂态的计算方法，并搭建了受端地区直流偏磁仿真模型，计算了地表电位和偏磁电流在入地电流暂态过程中的响应，并分析了变压器的励磁特性。结果表明，暂态过程会显著增加10 km范围内的地表电位和偏磁电流，在UHVDC引起的变压器直流偏磁计算时应考虑入地电流暂态过程的影响。     

特高压直流控保系统网络风暴造成主机死机 机理分析及网络测试方法研究

基于特高压直流输电工程实际发生的由于控制保护系统网络风暴引发主机死机的事件,分析了相关机理,提出了造成主机死机的3个条件,并给出了事件发生原因,分析表明现有特高压直流控制保护系统中,主机网络报文筛查检测功能不完善,在出现长报文自锁时不能及时提醒CPU采取应对措施的严重缺陷。因此,在保护主机中增加了对超长报文的筛查检测功能,当信息子站与控制保护系统之间的报文超过255字节后,控保主机系统选择不进行接收。同时,为了验证网络性能及分析相关事故,提出了特高压换流站控制保护系统网络测试方案。实际事件分析体现了分析的正确性。     

±1100kV特高压直流换流阀能量泄放过程及相关影响因素

换流阀是实现高压直流输电的核心设备,在闭锁检修过程中换流阀残留能量泄放时间直接影响着故障后恢复供电时间长短,对电网运行可靠性具有重要意义。根据换流站的实际结构,搭建单极直流输电系统EMTDC/PSCAD仿真模型,对换流阀中各关键元件的电场和磁场能量泄放过程进行了研究,并对换流站残余能量主要的影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明：晶闸管吸收电容储存的电场能是换流阀闭锁后阀厅残余能量主要来源,该部分能量衰减时间大于7 s,主要泄放通道为直流出线接地开关和换流变阀侧接地开关;仅采用4把接地开关同样能够在3 s内将换流阀电压降低至36 V以下,这为下一步换流站接地开关配置方式的研究提供了技术支撑。     

高压直流输电系统直流差动保护的改进及仿真

2012年9月12日楚穗特高压直流发生了因穗东站交流系统接地故障导致的直流差动保护（87DCM）动作跳闸事件,暴露出原87DCM保护不仅定值偏小、延时较短,而且逻辑算法中有积分特性,不能满足区外故障时正确不动作的要求。为了提高保护的可靠性,设计了无积分特性且具有告警段、速动段、灵敏段的三段式87DCM保护,并提出了各段定值的整定原则。利用RTDS对改进后的87DCM保护进行了校核,结果表明该保护满足选择性、可靠性、灵敏性、速动性要求。目前该保护已在高肇、兴安、楚穗、牛从、普侨直流工程中全面实施应用。     

溪洛渡-浙江±800 kV特高压直流输电工程直流保护 系统实施策略及其仿真试验研究

介绍了首次应用于特高压直流输电工程的DPS-3000平台,分析了基于此平台的直流保护系统的整体设计方案、测量系统设计方案、保护功能配置方案和辅助功能设计方案。介绍了国内首个以厂家为主的二次系统仿真试验情况,对试验中发现的关键技术问题进行分析并提出解决策略。二次系统仿真试验验证了直流保护系统实施方案及其性能满足设计规范书要求,为溪浙特高压直流输电工程的现场调试工作和顺利投产奠定了坚实的基础。     

UHVDC系统故障树分析误差及灵敏度分析

采用故障树(fault tree analysis,FTA)法分析UHVDC系统可靠性及灵敏度。考虑多状态元件同站双极互为备用逻辑关系,建立所有故障方式的故障树。基于串、并联结构,分别建立FTA和状态空间(state space,SS)可靠性分析模型。发现FTA误差,源于对串联系统不当引入多个元件同时故障状态。分别采用FTA和SS法计算UHVDC系统状态概率和灵敏度,量化前者误差。结果证实FTA得到的不可用率确实较SS法偏高,误差与元件个数及元件可用度有关。发现系统故障概率对同一元件修复率和安装率的绝对灵敏度之比,为其安装率和修复率之比的平方,同一元件所有参数相对灵敏度之和为0,据此可大幅降低灵敏度分析计算量。     

特高压直流输电阀控动模试验系统设计

针对近年国内特高压直流输电工程中换流阀控制设备的实际运行工况,设计了一套完整的特高压直流输电工程阀控动模试验系统,整个试验系统包括整流侧换流阀、整流侧阀控(valve control equipment,VCE)、逆变侧换流阀、逆变侧VCE、控制与监视后台系统.该试验系统直接采用工程用晶闸管来搭建微型换流阀,相比实际工程用换流阀,减少了每个单阀的晶闸管数量,其他换流阀设计参数与实际工程相同,相较于采用实时数字仿真(real-time digital simulator,RTDS)系统模拟换流阀参数的方式,更有利于换流阀及输电线路参数的精确获取与处理,对阀控功能的验证更加有效.最后对许继集团研制的VCE800阀控系统进行了试验,验证结果表明该阀控动模试验系统可以满足特高压直流工程阀控设备联调需要.     

Conductor selection and economic analysis of D.R. congo–guinea ±800 kV UHVDC transmission project

Africa is embracing new opportunities featured with industrialization, urbanization and regionalization. Based on co-development of ‘Electricity, Mining, Metallurgy, Industry and Trade’ and grids interconnection proposed by Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO), the high-quality hydropower resource of the Congo River can be exploited in large scale under the wide-range interconnected framework of African Energy Interconnection (AEI), forging a new engine for Africa economy. The transmission distance of the Congo River hydropower reaches 6,000 km at its farthest end in North Africa, which brings forth challenges to economics of proposed projects. Under this novel continental energy interconnection scheme in Africa, economics of those projects have not yet been in detail studied. This paper has implemented China’s mature engineering experiences and analytical tools of UHVDC project planning into the AEI structure, through exploring the economic behavior of ultra-long distance UHVDC projects in the scope of conductor selection in the Congo River hydropower transmission for the first time, and has provided concerned parties with a technical and analytical results of their economics comparison. This paper has chosen the D.R. Congo - Guinea ±800 kV UHVDC project as a typical example. Its preliminary system planning is introduced and three types of conductor are selected for scheme comparison. Later in this paper, the transmission loss, total investment and equivalent annual cost of the project have been calculated and analyzed. In the final part, sensitivity analysis results of the annual cost to utilization hours, transmission loss, loss tariff and construction cost has been provided     

考虑高山影响的UHVDC单极大地运行感应电势分析

特高压直流输电系统单极—大地回路运行时,会使附近交流电网遭受直流偏磁危害,地表电位的准确求解是预防和治理直流偏磁危害的重要环节。针对高山对感应电势的影响,首先建立了考虑高山影响的复合土壤结构模型,并运用镜像法与行波法推导出感应电势的计算公式,分析了大地参数对感应电势分布的影响,发现高山的存在抬高了高山与直流接地极之间的感应电势,增大了高山两侧的感应电势差。进而以±800kV天中特高压直流输电工程为例,在Matlab中搭建模型计算哈密地区交流电网中直流电流分布情况。结果表明,各变电站接地极的直流电流仿真值与实测值相符。     

特高压直流输电系统换流站的优化设计(英文)

Based on the consultation and study for Xiangjiaba-Shanghai ±800 kV UHVDC(ultra high voltage direct current) project,this paper presents an optimal design for key technique solutions.In this paper,the DC system electrical scheme design,the DC filter design,the DC harmonic component suppression,the over voltage and insulation coordination,the requirements for converter station equipment,the main equipment technical parameters of equipment(including thyristor valve,converter transformer,smoothing reactor,DC breaker),the configuration of measuring device and DC control protection system,and the de-icing operation design are investigated.According to the UHVDC technology researched conclusions and the development of the project construction,the UHVDC system design for converter stations becomes an optimal combination.The optimized design solves numbers of technical problems of the world’s first UHVDC project,and it is applied to the project’s construction.Under the actual operating condition,the optimized design is proved to be correct and superior.These optimal design conclusions are impartment for developing UHVDC technique and equipment,and provide reference for future UHVDC projects.