Economic Evaluation of Power System Flexibility by Commercial Air Conditioner Control with Large Penetration of Photovoltaic Generation

High penetration of intermittent renewable energy such as photovoltaic (PV) and wind power could cause shortage of power system flexibility. Demand response is expected to help supply ancillary service instead of the conventional power plant. Commercial air conditioners are a promising responsive load for demand response because they account for a large proportion of power consumption in the power system. We calculate a system operation cost and hourly operation pattern of each power plant by using the optimal power generation model considering flexibility supply from controlling commercial air conditioner. We obtained the following results as an effect of commercial air conditioner control. (1) The power generation of oil fired power plants decreases at peak time and annual fuel cost of oil fired plant is reduced by approximately 30% at most in Kanto area. (2) The percentage of rated operation mode of LNG combined cycle plants increases. (3) Curtailed energy rate of PV decreases because a power storage amount by pumped hydropower generation increases. (4) Required battery capacity to reduce PV curtailed amount decreased by combining battery energy storage system in case of high penetration of PV.     

A simple explicit single step time integration algorithm for structural dynamics

In this article, a new single-step explicit time integration method is developed based on the Newmark approximations for the analysis of various dynamic problems. The newly proposed method is second-order accurate and able to control numerical dissipation through the parameters of the Newmark approximations. Explicitness and order of accuracy of the proposed method are not affected in velocity-dependent problems. Illustrative linear and nonlinear examples are used to verify performances of the proposed method.     

Highly Bendable and Rotational Textile Structure with Prestrained Conductive Sewing Pattern for Human Joint Monitoring

Human joints have respective ranges of motion and joint forces corresponding to each kind of joint; this necessitates considerations of the characteristics of human joints to fabricate wearable strain sensors conformable to the human body, and capable of precisely monitoring complex motions of the human body. In the present study, the “all textile‐based highly stretchable structure” that is capable of precisely sensing motions (folding and rotation) of the human joints (finger, wrist, elbow, spine, and knee) is fabricated by optimizing patterns (straight, blind, and zigzag) of conductive yarns employed as the conductive part of the strain sensor, and several textile substrates (braided elastic fabric, knit fabric, and woven fabric), having preferable elasticity and conformability employed for the fabrication of strain sensors suitable for human joints. In particular, the technology, enabling the prestraining of textile substrate, is exploited to fabricate a strain sensor that is capable of outputting selective signals corresponding to the folding motion of the spinal joint over a predetermined angle of motion, and the gait pattern of the wearer of the sensor, attached to his or her knee joint doing folding and rotational motions, is analyzed.     

泳池式轻水反应堆内电磁线圈可控温辐照装置设计

本文设计了在泳池式轻水反应堆（简称泳池堆）内在线测量电磁线圈电性能的可控温辐照装置。采用MCNP程序进行中子物理计算，对泳池堆、线圈骨架的结构尺寸与物质组分进行了精细全尺寸模拟，得出辐照装置的发热功率和中子注量率。通过初步估算，使用ANSYS CFX进行了数值模拟，得出辐照装置内线圈在堆运行时的温度，并提出温度控制的方法。辐照装置采用铝材加工制造，并进行了垂直度测试、气压测试、检漏测试。增加了绝缘设计，将辐照装置与泳池堆之间进行绝缘。在线圈处预埋铠装热电偶，对线圈温度进行实时监测。在泳池堆内对电磁线圈进行辐照试验，结果表明，本文设计的辐照装置能满足电磁线圈在泳池堆孔道内进行辐照试验的要求，并可对电磁线圈进行实时温度控制。     

5 000 t公务船调距桨桨叶数选型研究

针对国内外调距桨桨叶数选型依靠经验为主，对不同桨叶数对推进器整体性能的影响始终缺乏定量分析的现状，以某5 000 t公务船为目标船型，通过调距桨分别配置不同的桨叶数，分析不同桨叶数对目标船型综合性能的影响。总结了公务船调距桨桨叶数选型的方法，归纳了不同叶数调距桨的优劣，可为后续新造船桨叶数的选取提供参考。     

可控中子孔隙度测井仪器设计

源距与屏蔽体厚度是直接影响可控中子孔隙度测井仪器测量准确性的重要参数。源距不仅影响测井仪器的测量误差，还影响测井仪器对地层孔隙度的灵敏度。屏蔽体厚度是保障测井响应完全反映地层的重要参数。从灵敏度、屏蔽率以及误差3个方面确定可控中子孔隙度测井仪器的源距与屏蔽体厚度。研究结果表明:近探测器源距越小，测井仪器灵敏度越高；近远探测器的间距对测量误差的影响随间距的增大，先减小再增大；当屏蔽率在70%以上且屏蔽率随厚度的变化较为缓慢时的屏蔽体厚度可作为屏蔽体最低厚度。     

Scalable Yielding of Highly Stable Polyelectrolyte-Coated Copper Sulfide Nanoparticles by Flash Nanoprecipitation for Photothermal-Chemotherapeutics

Photothermal-chemotherapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) are attracting increasing attention and becoming more widely used for cancer therapy in the clinic due to their noninvasiveness, notable tissue penetration abilities, and low systemic adverse effects. However, functional ligands are conventionally modified onto photothermal NPs to well stabilize the inorganic particles suffering from complex chemical modifications, low productivity, and batch-to-batch inconsistencies, and thus significantly restricting their clinical applications. Herein, flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) is taken advantage of to afford rapid and uniform mixing for generating local supersaturated CuS clusters for small and highly stable CuS NPs effectively stabilized by polyacrylic acid through a continuous strategy. It greatly reduces the complexity for CuS NPs synthesis and functionalization in a facile intensified mixing process. These as-synthesized particles are high-drug loading, scalable, and most importantly, it is easy to control their sizes and charges through external conditions. Toxicity and tumor inhibition experiments confirm the high cell toxicity and good suppression of tumor growth under near-infrared irradiation indicating a promising prospect of FNP in the large-scale and continuous yielding of highly stable and high-performing photothermal-chemotherapeutic NPs for cancer therapy.     

Mechanically Robust,Ultraelastic Hierarchical Foam with Tunable Properties via 3D Printing

A mechanically robust, ultraelastic foam with controlled multiscale architectures and tunable mechanical/conductive performance is fabricated via 3D printing. Hierarchical porosity, including both macro‐ and microscaled pores, are produced by the combination of direct ink writing (DIW), acid etching, and phase inversion. The thixotropic inks in DIW are formulated by a simple one‐pot process to disperse duo nanoparticles (nanoclay and silica nanoparticles) in a polyurethane suspension. The resulting lightweight foam exhibits tailorable mechanical strength, unprecedented elasticity (standing over 1000 compression cycles), and remarkable robustness (rapidly and fully recover after a load more than 20 000 times of its own weight). Surface coating of carbon nanotubes yields a conductive elastic foam that can be used as piezoresistivity sensor with high sensitivity. For the first time, this strategy achieves 3D printing of elastic foam with controlled multilevel 3D structures and mechanical/conductive properties. Moreover, the facile ink preparation method can be utilized to fabricate foams of various materials with desirable performance via 3D printing.     

磁阀式可控电抗器的损耗计算与分析

磁阀式可控电抗器(Magnetic-valve controllable reactor, MCR)具有直流偏磁、绕组电流谐波大和磁路中磁通密度不同的特点,这些特点不仅导致其损耗计算方法与电力变压器不同,而且使准确计算MCR的铁芯和绕组损耗比较困难。本文将铁芯分区与J-A动态逆模型相结合,提出MCR铁芯损耗的计算方法;考虑漏磁和谐波的影响,分析推导得到MCR的绕组损耗系数的计算方法和表达式。最后,通过实例的仿真和实验,验证了提出的铁芯损耗计算方法和绕组损耗系数的正确可靠性。