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排序方式: 共有1189条查询结果,搜索用时 734 毫秒
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Wei Feng Jianping Wen Xiaoqiang Jia Qing Yuan Yan Sun Cuiyun Liu 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2006,52(8):2864-2875
A coupled three-dimensional (3-D) model, combining hydrodynamics with biochemical reactions, was developed to simulate the local transient flow patterns and the dynamic behaviors of cell growth and phenol biodegradation by yeast Candida tropicalis in the bubble-column bioreactor, using the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method. In order to validate this proposed model effectively, the validation of the local hydrodynamic characteristics of the gas-mineral salt solution (gas-liquid) two-phase system, with the phenol concentration of 1200 mg/L, and with the absence of cells, was performed in a square-sectioned bubble column bioreactor using the LDA system and conductivity probe. Furthermore, the validation of phenol biodegradation behaviors by yeast Candida tropicalis at different initial concentrations of phenol and cell was also carried out in the above bubble-column bioreactor. The results indicated that the model simulations had a satisfying agreement with the experimental data. Finally, the local instantaneous flow and phenol biodegradation features including gas holdup, gas velocity, liquid velocity, cell concentration and phenol concentration inside the bioreactor were successfully predicted in different-scale bubble columns by the proposed model. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006 相似文献
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Pankaj Mathure Ashwin Patwardhan 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2005,80(4):413-419
In this study, the mass transfer efficiencies of a novel horizontal rotating packed (h‐RPB) bed and the conventional disc‐type rotating biological contactor (RBC) were studied at four speeds and seven submergences. Pall rings of two different sizes (25, 38 mm), superintalox saddles and a wiremesh spiral bundle were used as packings in the h‐RPB. Volumetric gas–liquid mass transfer coefficients were determined by unsteady state absorption of atmospheric oxygen in de‐aerated water. Power consumption per unit liquid volume has been found for all geometries tested. The oxygen transfer efficiency values for the h‐RPB were found to be 2–5 kg kWh?1 and for the disc RBC were found to be 1–2 kg kWh?1. The performance of the h‐RPB was also compared with other gas–liquid contactors such as surface aerators. The study proves that the h‐RPB is a energy efficient alternative to conventional contactors. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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基于连续性扩散流的湿地表面水流动力学模型 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
受表面密生植被的影响,湿地表面流总是处于高阻力、低流速状态。湿地表面流的水流动力学方程中,其水流加速度项相对于地表高密度植被造成的高阻力项相比,可以忽略。由此,以水流连续性方程和忽略加速度项的水流动力学方程为基础,构建基于连续性扩散流的湿地表面流动力学模型。该模型是一个抛物型偏微分方程,相对于描述一般径流流态的圣维南双曲型偏微分方程组而言,其求解过程相对容易。模型中的表面流流量采用修正的曼宁方程描述,表面糙率采用已有经验公式,数值计算方法采用六点差分格式。模拟结果表明,该模型能够体现湿地表面流的高阻力、低流速特征。水深越浅,水流模式变化越慢,水深越大,表面流受植被阻力越小,水流模式变化越快。 相似文献
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The hydrodynamic characteristics and mass transfers of halide quaternary salts between two immiscible phases in a stirred membrane permeation cell were investigated. The concentration of quaternary salt, temperature, solvent and the four kinds of halide quaternary salts were evaluated to achieve the extractive optimum condition. The diffusivity, overall mass‐transfer coefficients and individual mass‐transfer coefficients were determined and correlated in terms of the conventional Sh‐Re‐Sc relationship. The transfer time of quaternary salts across the membrane and the thickness of the hydrodynamic diffusion boundary layer were determined as well, so as to characterize the extractive phenomenon of quaternary salts between the two phases that is useful in phase‐transfer catalysis. 相似文献
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《Drying Technology》2007,25(10):1621-1632
A study was performed to determine the drying characteristics and quality of barley grain dried in a laboratory scale spouted-bed dryer at 30, 35, 40, and 45°C and an inlet air velocity of 23 m/s-1, and in an IR-convection dryer under an infrared radiation intensity of 0.048, 0.061, 0.073, and 0.107 W cm-2 at an air velocity of 0.5 m/s-1. The results show that the first, relatively short, phase of a sharp decrease in the drying rate was followed by the phase of a slow decrease. The time of barley drying depended on temperature of inlet air in a spouted-bed dryer and on radiation intensities in an IR-convection dryer. Barley drying at 45°C in a spouted-bed dryer was accompanied by the lowest total energy consumption. The average specific energy consumption was lower and the average efficiency of drying was higher for drying in a spouted-bed dryer. The effective diffusivities were in the range 2.20-4.52 × 10-11 m2 s-1 and 3.04-4.79 × 10-11 m2/s-1 for barley dried in a spouted-bed and in an IR-convection dryer, respectively. There were no significant differences in kernel germination energy and capacity between the two drying methods tested. 相似文献
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