电子束焊接技术在角锥喇叭天线上的应用

研究了角锥喇叭天线的电子束焊接工艺,并与传统的氩弧焊成形工艺进行了对比.采用正背面成形的对比试验和金相分析法进一步确定了电子束扫描的有效性.解决了喇叭口径精度、单面焊双面成形等技术难点并成功应用于产品.     

电子束焊接工艺文档编制与管理系统

采用面向对象编程技术开发实现了对焊接工程项目工艺流程档的计算机管理(具备对记录的检索、添加、删除、修改、复制和打印功能)以及对电子束焊接工艺数据(包括母材、焊机、焊材、接头图和焊接工艺参数等)的存储和管理。设计了电子束焊接工艺知识咨询模块，以实现整理、保存和传播电子束焊接知识的功能。系统具有友好的人机界面、良好的使用性能和较高的数据安全性及防错能力。     

电子束焊接在阀门阀体制造中的应用

通过分析锻焊闸阀阀体环缝焊接产品模拟件的工艺特点,采用真空电子束焊接,选用SA106B,规格为φ404 mm×73 mm的大口径钢管来模拟锻焊闸阀的产品试样,确定合理的焊接工艺参数,试验获得了高质量的焊接接头,为阀门阀体以及大厚度产品电子束焊接积累了经验.     

Distortions and tensile properties of 15-5PH steel cylinders with EBW and heat treatment

15-5PH steel is one of the martensitic precipitation-hardened stainless steels, which is extensively applied in the aero shafts, and electron beam welding is a significant procedure to manufacture the parts. To verify the dimension accuracies and properties, EBW with oscillation was employed on the cylinders of 15-5PH steel. The welding distortions were measured, and the microstructures and tensile properties of the joints were investigated. The weld appearances of the cylinders were smooth, and the morphology was parallel. After EBW, the shrinkages of the cylinders were above ?0.22?mm, and the welding distortions were ?0.66 to ?1.1‰, and the straightnesses were less than 1‰ due to the distortions. The martensites and a few austenites were in the welds of the cylinders after heat treatment, and the microhardnesses in the welds were 445 HV0.2, which were bigger and more homogeneous than those of the as-welded. The tensile strength and yield strength of the joints were respectively 1300 and 1150?MPa, which were higher than those of the as-welded joints, and the elongation rate of the joints was 10%. The microstructures and properties of the cylinders conformed to the aero shafts, which was attributed to the microstructure transformation with oscillation EBW and heat treatment.     

Elektronenstrahlschweißen an Atmosphäre – von der Entwicklung bis zum industriellen Einsatz

Non vacuum electron beam welding – from development to industrial application Attributable to the increasing degree of standardisation in many fields of industrial manufacturing, the saving of resources and thus the demand for light weight constructions and also the rapid development on the material sector have made joining tasks increasingly complex. This involves the joining method which must meet the metallurgical demands of the base materials to be welded and also the method’s profitability. In this connection, electron beam welding in atmosphere – NV‐EBW ‐ as a joining method is getting more and more important and is, from the side of the industry, becoming increasingly popular. NV‐EBW combines the many, well‐known advantages of electron beam welding in vacuum with the possibility to work under normal ambient pressure. With an equipment efficiency of more than 50 % and very high, achievable welding speeds of up to 60 m/min for aluminium materials, the electron beam in atmosphere is an efficient and profitable tool for welding. Under the direction of Professor U. Dilthey, the ISF has for many years and in close contact with industrial partners carried out research work in the field of the NV‐EBW technology. At that, elementary contribution to the development of rotationally‐symmetrical orifice assemblies and also to the testing and optimization of the method with regard to respective welding tasks has been carried out.     

电子束横焊3mm纯铌板的熔池形态研究

高能加速器纯铌超导腔内导体,要求加工后的外表面光滑平整,以保证其特殊性能的要求。在电子束平焊全熔透情况下,超导腔焊缝正面在反冲压力作用下易发生未焊满及塌陷等缺陷。本文采用合适的电子束横焊工艺参数,得到了符合工艺要求的正面余高焊缝。并且建立了3mm厚的高纯铌板横焊过程的二维模型,针对不同的焊接参数分别设计了不同尺寸和形状的熔池,结合VOF算法,模拟焊接熔池里液态金属自由表面存在状态,得到了不同焊接参数下熔池的演变过程。实验结果显示,焊接熔宽随焊接线能量的升高而增大,数值模拟与实验结果较吻合。     

电子束焊接Ti-6Al-4V合金接头的疲劳裂纹尖端微区形态

通过对Ti-6Al-4V合金板材预制一定深度的疲劳裂纹,研究母材与焊缝区疲劳裂纹尖端的TEM显微形态。结果表明:经历疲劳循环后,位错密度大大增加,α/β相界面位错密度高,易成为位错形核的源区;在周期性疲劳载荷的作用下,位错以源区为原点呈放射状向四周发散运动;在焊缝区马氏体板条之间的细碎相之间,位错聚集严重,说明细碎相也易成为位错萌生的源区,从而成为疲劳裂纹形核的源区;在焊缝区马氏体板条宽度越窄,位错聚集密度越高,易成为疲劳裂纹萌生的位置。此外,TEM观察证实了裂纹尖端存在一定尺寸的塑性变形区。通过焊接接头分区的TEM对比分析,获得焊缝区比母材区更易萌生疲劳裂纹的相关证据。     

GH4169合金电子束焊接接头CTOD断裂韧度

根据GB/T2358—94标准,分别在20℃和650℃下,对GH4169合金电子束焊接接头的裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD)进行测试。取SE(B)试样进行三点弯曲试验,然后由所得到的20℃和650℃下母材和电子束焊缝的P-V曲线来计算CTOD值,比较两个温度下的试验结果,对试验结果进行了分析讨论。     

退火对Ti-22Al-25Nb/TC11电子束焊接接头组织与拉伸性能的影响

研究退火对电子束焊接Ti-22Al-25Nb/TC11接头组织和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,在TC11侧热影响区,出现针状α相;而在Ti-22Al-25Nb侧热影响区,出现少量的α₂相和O相;经过退火处理后焊缝区缺陷有小幅度改善,沿晶界出现了细小的点状和针状析出相;焊态的Ti-22Al-25Nb/TC11试样抗拉强度低、塑性差,退火处理后的室温拉伸性能无改善甚至有所降低。要更大程度地消除缺陷、提高性能,只能通过压力加工的方式配合后续热处理才能实现。     

真空电子束焊接及应用

文章简单介绍了电子束焊接的基本原理,通过对电子束工艺参数分析,详细阐述了各工艺参数对焊缝形态和结构的影响：为了解决实际生产中的难题,重点分析了电子束焊接出现的飞溅及气孔、磁场引起的焊缝质量下降及异种金属焊缝偏移的问题．提出了解决的措施和方案。