FDM 3D打印工艺参数对PLA制件力学性能的影响

采用五因素四水平正交试验设计,对16组不同工艺参数(打印层厚、填充密度、打印温度、填充速度、外壳厚度)的FDM 3D打印聚乳酸(PLA)制件力学性能进行了测试和结果分析,确定了影响PLA制件力学性能的主要因素,其中,外壳厚度对制件力学性能影响最为明显,打印温度影响最小,同时分析得到了在打印层厚0.15 mm,填充密度40%,打印温度210℃,填充速度60 mm/s,外壳厚度1.6 mm条件下可获得力学性能最佳的制件。最后对试验数据进行回归分析,拟合得到了FDM打印工艺参数与PLA制件力学性能指标的数学模型;通过对不同打印工艺参数的试样进行试验验证,表明该模型拟合误差小(5%以内),可靠性高,可用来对FDM 3D打印制件的加工提供参考。     

Enhanced dielectric properties of three phase dielectric MWCNTs/BaTiO3/PVDF nanocomposites for energy storage using fused deposition modeling 3D printing

This research studied the effect of fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing on three phase dielectric nanocomposites using poly(vinylidene) fluoride (PVDF), BaTiO₃ (BT), and multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs). PVDF polymer and BT ceramics are piezo-, pyro- and di-electric materials extensively used for sensor and energy storage/harvesting applications due to their unique characteristic of dipole polarization. To increase dielectric property, CNTs have been recently utilized for uniform dispersion of BT nanoparticles, ultrahigh polarization density, and local micro-capacitor among matrix. It was proved that 3D printing process provides homogeneous dispersion of nanoparticles, alleviating agglomeration of nanoparticles and reducing micro-crack/voids in matrix which can potentially enhance their dielectric property than traditional methods. In this research, these three-phase nanocomposites are fabricated through FDM 3D printing process and characterized for dielectric property. Increasing both BT and CNT nanoparticles improves dielectric properties, while CNTs have a percolation threshold near 1.7?wt%. The most desirable combination of dielectric constant and loss properties (118 and 0.11 at 1?kHz) is achieved with nanocomposites containing 1.7?wt%-CNT/45?wt%-BT/PVDF. These results provide not only a technique to 3D print dielectric nanocomposites with improved dielectric property but also large-scale electronic device manufacturing possibility with freedom of design, low cost, and faster process.     

面向技术问题的3D打印关键技术专利规避设计方法

在工程实践中,为了解决存在的技术问题,需要对现有产品进行创新设计,针对产品创新设计中普遍存在的专利规避需求,结合TRIZ建立了专利规避设计流程,包括规避问题的提出、规避对象的确定和规避设计;以FDM技术为例,对造成FDM技术成型精度低和打印速度慢的问题进行分析,并结合问题原因,专利检索到了在保证打印精度的前提下提高打印速度的技术方案,通过技术迁移,建立了迁移后的初始模型,并利用TRIZ中的功能裁剪进行了专利规避设计和侵权判定,可为企业及研究机构利用专利信息实施专利规避设计提供参考。     

考虑表层损伤的混凝土硫酸盐侵蚀过程分析

服役过程中,混凝土表面会因为各种因素造成表层损伤。考虑了表层损伤造成的硫酸盐扩散系数差异,基于Fick第二定律和分子反应动力学,建立了考虑表层损伤影响的混凝土中硫酸盐侵蚀扩散反应方程及其有限差分求解模型,在此基础上开展了混凝土硫酸盐侵蚀过程数值模拟。研究结果表明,表层损伤对混凝土的硫酸盐侵蚀过程有明显影响,导致内部硫酸根离子浓度和膨胀性物质钙矾石生成量的增加,其影响随损伤程度及损伤区深度的增加而增加;混凝土表层损伤对内部硫酸根离子浓度分布的影响主要体现在侵蚀早期,而混凝土表层损伤对钙矾石生成量的影响体现在整个侵蚀过程。     

多分量感应测井井眼及侵入影响因素分析

采用频率域有限差分方法实现了三维地层条件下的多分量感应测井响应模拟,该算法基于各向异性介质条件下的1组标量-矢量位方程实现Maxwell方程的求解。考察了井眼倾斜、井眼尺寸、电导性泥浆及电阻性泥浆对测井响应的影响。结果显示在大斜度井中共轴信号(z-z)比共面信号(x-x,y-y)对界面更加敏感;井眼泥浆影响最严重的是x-x分量,并且共面信号受井眼泥浆影响规律复杂多变;电导性泥浆对多分量感应测井响应影响比较明显,而电阻性泥浆在一定条件下造成的影响也不可忽视。     

Complex geometry macroporous SiC ceramics obtained by 3D-printing,polymer impregnation and pyrolysis (PIP) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD)

We present here an original route for the manufacturing of SiC ceramics based on 3D printing, polymer impregnation and pyrolysis and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The green porous elastomer structures were first prepared by fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D-printing with a composite polyvinyl alcohol/elastomer wire and soaking in water, then impregnated with an allylhydridopolycarbosilane preceramic polymer. After crosslinking and pyrolysis, the polymer-derived ceramics were reinforced by CVD of SiC using CH₃SiCl₃/H₂ as precursor. The multiscale structure of the SiC porous specimens was examined by X-ray tomography and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Their oxidation resistance was also studied. The pure and dense CVD-SiC coating considerably improves the oxidation resistance.     

基于DSP的FDM挤出头控制系统设计

为实现FDM中挤出头控制和出丝的顺畅,提出一种基于DSP的挤出头系统控制方案。该系统主要由主控模块、电机模块和温度采集控制模块组成。通过主控芯片TMS320F2812的控制,利用热敏电阻模块、温度处理芯片MAX6675和电热筒完成挤出头的温度采集和控制,然后结合电机模块和外部的机械结构,顺利将ABS材料加热并从挤出头送出。通过调节挤出头温度、电机速度等参数,并经过大量的测试证明:在系统控制下,ABS材料的挤出效果良好。     

基于Non-Fourier导热模型的多芯片组件基板热分析研究

随着电子产品的尺寸和重量日趋变小,经典Fourier理论已经不能很好地解决实际问题。为了使理论结果尽可能准确地反映实际情况,需要用到Non-Fourier导热模型。首先,建立了三维多芯片组件的Fourier和Non-Fourier导热模型;其次,采用有限差分方法求解相应模型的传热方程,得到了温度分布和温度响应;最后,使用有限元热分析软件ICEPAK建立了相应的热分析模型并进行计算。实验结果表明,与经典的Fourier模型相比,Non-Fourier模型更加接近实际温度,且温度场进入稳态的时间较长,热耦合的现象也更强。     

地下电力电缆温度场及载流量的数值计算

对地下电力电缆温度场和载流量进行了研究。基于有限差分法,采用直角坐标和极坐标相结合的思想,对计算区域进行不均匀网格的划分。对电缆及其周围土壤的温度场进行迭代,并进行两种坐标系之间的插值计算,得到一个收敛的温度场。多次循环后电缆缆芯达到上限温度值,可得电缆的载流量。     

粗纱捻系数与细纱后区牵伸搭配方案的模糊决策优选

细纱牵伸过程中,为避免捻回重分布导致成纱条干恶化,粗纱捻系数与细纱后区牵伸必须进行合理搭配.采用模糊决策方法中的Borda数法,对纯棉普梳纱线的粗纱捻系数和细纱后区牵伸倍数的搭配方案进行排序,从而获得成纱质量较优的两个工艺参数的配合方案,并对该方案进行了上机验证.试验结果表明,采用模糊决策方法优选方案进行纺纱,所得纱线质量较好;较大的粗纱捻系数和较小的细纱后区牵伸配合能够获得较优质量的纱线.