Correlation of the leakage flow rate with pressure changes in a clearance-sealed piston prover

Leakage flow rate is one of the most important contributions to the measurement uncertainty when measuring small gas flow rates with a clearance-sealed piston prover. Our previous study has shown that the systematic effects related to the change of the gas viscosity can be successfully corrected, whereas the effects related to the reproducibility of the leakage flow rate are poorly understood. This paper focuses on the interpretation and correction of the reproducibility related effects by analysing experimentally identified variations of the leakage flow rate and the gas pressure in the inclined piston prover. Small changes of the leakage flow in the inclined piston prover indicate that the position of the piston relative to the cylinder remains approximately the same. The obtained relationship between the leakage flow rate and the gas pressure below the piston led to the pressure-based correction of the leakage flow rate.     

Experimental measurements,integral modeling and smoke detection of early fire in thermally stratified environments

Building fires go through a series of stages. They start with a fire plume period during which buoyant fire smoke rises to the ceiling. A second stage is the following enclosure smoke-filling period. In this paper, the first stage is the subject, especially for the fire plume behavior in thermally stratified environments in large volume spaces. In NFPA 92B, Morton's integral equation was introduced for calculating the maximum plume rise, and beam smoke detectors were recommended for smoke detection design. In this work, experiments and CFD simulations were conducted in a small-scale enclosure and a large space to investigate early fire movements in temperature-stratified ambients. The results show that in a thermally stratified environment, the axial temperature and velocity of a fire plume decrease more quickly along the vertical axis than in uniform environment, and in some cases the fire plume ceases to rise. The previous integral equation was shown to underestimate the actual maximum height of a fire smoke plume, and also was unable to explain the differences of the maximum heights of low-density and high-density smoke plumes with the same stratification and outlet conditions. The integral equation was improved by introducing two correction factors, and extended for non-linear temperature stratified environments. A light section smoke detection method with three space-protected area was suggested and discussed.     

采暖系统使用水银温度计室温测试误差及校正

通过建立室温测试动态模型及仿真，得出必要的测试时间。模拟了外温、测试室温、窗墙比和真实室温之间关系并给出修正图。为提高测试精度，提出和模拟降低误差方法。     

大视场星敏感器光学系统畸变校正方法

针对大视场星敏感器光学系统畸变较大,严重影响角距测量精度的问题,采用多项式拟合算法,对研制的星敏感器进行了畸变校正,校正后的平均角度测量误差小于1″。     

空心板梁桥纠偏复位的关键设计及施工技术

以6×20m一联预应力空心板梁桥纠偏复位工程为背景,结合现场空心板梁自身结构特点及梁下空间,设计了顶升、滑移千斤顶同步系统,利用三向千斤顶提供主动纠偏力,驱动顶升顶及梁体滑移,实现梁体横向纠偏复位。其中重点介绍了纠偏复位方案的关键设计要点及施工技术。工程实践表明设计合理,施工经济便捷,达到了预期的工程效果,对同类工程具有可借鉴及推广性。     

A study on sensitivity correction factor of gamma camera in whole body bone image

The aim of this study was to calculate a reasonable correction factor that could be corrected when the sensitivity of each gamma camera is measured and a whole body bone scan is performed as a follow-up examination. Seven pieces of equipment were used to analyse the sensitivity measurements of each gamma camera based on the source sensitivity measurement method recommended by the IAEA. These were BRIGHTVIEW, PRECEDENCE, ECAM, ECAM signature, ECAM Plus, SYMBIA T2 and INFINIA. The ^99mTc line source for the sensitivity measurement was generated in 4–7 kcps, which are the common values in a whole body bone scan. All the cameras were equipped with a low-energy and high-resolution parallel multi-hole collimator and set at a window width and photo peak of 15% and 140 keV, respectively. After placing the ^99mTc source as closely as possible to the collimator, the count was measured for 60 and 120 seconds to calculate correction factor. To determine if the correction factor calculated using the ^99mTc line source could be applied to a whole body bone scan of a real patient, a whole body bone scan was performed on 27 patients before applying the correction factor for comparative analysis. According to the experimental results using the ^99mTc line source, the gamma camera sensitivity was the highest for ECAM plus, followed in order by the gamma cameras, ECAM signature, SYMBIA T2, ECAM, BRIGHTVIEW, INFINIA and PRECEDENCE. When the results were used to calculate the correction factor based on the ECAM gamma camera, which had a medium-degree of sensitivity, the respective correction factors were 1·07, 1·05, 1·03, 1·00, 0·90, 0·83 and 0·72. The correction factors calculated based on the experiment using a ^99mTc line source were similar to those calculated based on the whole body bone scan. Clinical application of correction factor for measured sensitivity enables estimation of factor correction depending on difference in equipment when image is read, which improves accuracy and reliability of examination, and is expected to be used especially for continuous follow-up examination.     

一种下拉杆（SZ804）零件的热处理工艺研究

东方红大轮拖SZ804下拉杆材料60Si2Mn，形状为板条状，技术要求HRC37~42要求校平，生产中出现淬火硬度不足及校平中多次出现断裂情况，这个问题长期困扰着我们，通过改进工艺把原来油淬改为水淬，增加回火时间，消除淬火应力。有效地控制了淬火硬度不足，校平断裂等，使问题得到了解决。     

An extended basis inexact shift–invert Lanczos for the efficient solution of large-scale generalized eigenproblems

This paper proposes a technique, based on the Inexact Shift–Invert Lanczos (ISIL) method with Inexact Jacobi Orthogonal Component Correction (IJOCC) refinement, and a preconditioned conjugate-gradient (PCG) linear solver with multilevel preconditioner, for finding several eigenvalues for generalized symmetric eigenproblems. Several eigenvalues are found by constructing (with the ISIL process) an extended projection basis. Presented results of numerical experiments confirm the technique can be effectively applied to challenging, large-scale problems characterized by very dense spectra, such as resonant cavities with spatial dimensions which are large with respect to wavelengths of the resonating electromagnetic fields. It is also shown that the proposed scheme based on inexact linear solves delivers superior performance, as compared to methods which rely on exact linear solves, indicating tremendous potential of the ‘inexact solve’ concept. Finally, the scheme which generates an extended projection basis is found to provide a cost-efficient alternative to classical deflation schemes when several eigenvalues are computed.     

矢量网络分析仪的校准方法

该文简单介绍矢量网络分析仪的工作原理,重点阐述误差修正原理以及与误差修正相关的校准件、校准方法和如何进行校准质量的评估。     

液压摆动机架式带钢纠偏系统动态性能研究

在连续带钢生产线中,机组速度逐年提高,纠偏系统对提高带钢产量和成材率有极其重要的作用。针对一种液压摆动机架式带钢纠偏系统,研究其系统响应速度。从带钢张力不均匀分布的角度说明了带钢跑偏原因和对应的纠偏工作机理,并利用所建立的数学模型、力学分析等方法求解出纠偏时间和带钢跑偏角的数学关系。采用matlab对不同的带钢跑偏角所应对的纠偏时间的计算值和实测值进行偏差分析,从而论证了该数学关系的正确性,还分析了相应的纠偏速率与跑偏角的数学关系,可从中了解该系统的主要动态性能,为同类结构纠偏系统设计和工艺参数调整提供了一些比较重要的参考数据。