1-MCP处理结合冰温贮藏对富士苹果生理品质的影响

研究1-MCP处理结合冰温贮藏对富士苹果感官品质、生理生化以及相关酶活性的影响。结果表明:1-MCP处理能完全抑制富士苹果在贮后货架期间果实腐烂,延长货架期,显著地降低果实的呼吸强度、乙烯生成速率,保持果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量,抑制多酚氧化酶(PPO)、脂氧合酶(LOX)活性,有效地诱导过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性峰的出现,且冰温贮藏可使1-MCP更好地发挥作用。     

1-MCP结合ClO2处理对冰温贮藏红提葡萄生理品质的影响

以红提葡萄为试材,通过对不同处理方式果实在贮藏期间品质和生理生化指标的变化规律分析,探讨冰温贮藏条件下,1-MCP和ClO2处理对果实的保鲜效果。结果表明:1-MCP+ClO2处理结合了1-MCP、ClO2处理的优点,减轻了葡萄贮藏过程中因腐烂造成的损失,对果实可滴定酸(TA)、可溶性固形物(TSS)和VC含量的保留有积极作用,良好的保持了葡萄的品质和营养成分;抑制了葡萄呼吸和乙烯生成速率,减缓了细胞膜透性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的增长速度,增强过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,有效延缓了葡萄在贮藏过程中的衰老进程。     

1-MCP·OHAA在小白杏贮藏保鲜中的应用研究

以小白杏果实为试材,以1-甲基环丙烯(1-Methylcyclopyopene,1-MCP)和环氧乙烷高级脂肪醇(Oxyethyene higher aliphatic alcohol,OHAA)为保鲜材料,在温度为-1℃~0℃、相对湿度为80%~90%的条件下贮藏小白杏,比较经1-MCP处理与1-MCP.OHAA复合小白杏的贮藏效果。结果表明,1-MCP.OHAA复合处理可降低果实CAT和SOD的活性,推迟CAT和SOD峰值的出现时间,有效延缓果实硬度和VC含量的下降,延缓果实的衰老。小白杏经1-MCP.OHAA涂膜保鲜剂的处理可延缓果实衰老,明显延长其贮藏期。     

1-MCP结合高浓度CO2处理对恭城月柿货架品质的影响

以恭城月柿为试材,研究1-MCP结合高浓度CO2处理柿果常温货架期间的保鲜效果。结果表明,1-MCP处理有效抑制果实乙烯生成量和膜相对透性的升高,延缓果实硬度的下降,但减缓了果实可溶性单宁含量的下降速度。高浓度CO2处理脱涩效果较佳,但促进柿果乙烯生成量和膜相对透性的增加,加速果实硬度的下降,缩短货架期。1-MCP结合高浓度CO2处理无法抑制果实乙烯生成量和膜相对透性的升高,但脱涩效果较好且对果实硬度的下降有一定的抑制作用,是一种有效的甜脆月柿处理技术。     

Effect of 1-MCP treatment on postharvest quality characters, antioxidants and glucosinolates of Chinese kale

The effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on postharvest characters, antioxidants and glucosinolate contents in bolting stems of Chinese kale (Brassica alboglabra Bailey) was investigated. Chinese kale was treated with air (control) and 10 μl l⁻¹ of 1-MCP for 24 h, followed by storage for up to seven days at 20 °C. 1-MCP treatment obviously extended the shelf life, delayed weight loss and decreased the rate of softening, chlorophyll degradation and changes in hue angle. In addition, ethylene production was suppressed and the respiration rate declined. Moreover, 1-MCP treatment postponed the decrease of ascorbic acid, carotenoids and glucosinolates. 1-MCP treatment of bolting stems also delayed the accumulation of total phenolics, and maintained a high level of antioxidant capacity. These results demonstrate that 1-MCP treatment is a good practice for extending shelf life, maintaining the appearance and nutrient value, and reducing the loss of health-promoting compounds, particularly antioxidants and glucosinolates in the Chinese kale.     

1-MCP及其结构相似物处理对番茄采后贮藏效果的影响

为了研究环丙烯类乙烯抑制剂的作用效果,以绿熟期番茄为试材,用1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)、1-戊基环丙烯(1-PentCP)、1-辛基环丙烯(1-OCP)处理后,常温(18℃±2℃)贮藏,每隔3 d测定1次理化指标,研究三者对番茄果实后熟衰老和贮藏效果的影响。结果表明:1-MCP及其结构相似物处理番茄不同程度地降低了呼吸强度和乙烯释放量的峰值,抑制了番茄果实硬度的下降,延缓了可溶性固形物含量的上升,同时也有效抑制了后熟期番茄果实过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性,延缓了果实的后熟衰老。3种试验的抑制剂中,1-MCP、1-PentCP和1-OCP处理随支链长度的增加,抑制后熟衰老的效果依次降低。     

1-甲基环丙烯对不同脱涩程度冰温贮藏磨盘柿生理品质的影响

探讨1-甲基环丙烯对不同脱涩程度磨盘柿生理品质的调控效应,研究了1-甲基环丙烯对未脱涩和半脱涩冰温贮藏柿果的品质、生理代谢及软化相关指标的影响。结果表明:在冰温贮藏条件下(-0.5～-0.2℃)下,1-甲基环丙烯有效抑制不同脱涩程度柿果硬度的下降、乙醇的积累、呼吸强度和细胞膜透性的上升,减少了可滴定酸、总糖和Vc的损失,抑制可溶性单宁向不溶性单宁的转化,推迟PE活性峰的出现,降低PG活性峰的峰值。其中1-甲基环丙烯对半脱涩果实的作用效果更为明显。     

Effect of Ethrel and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on antioxidants in mango (Mangifera indica var. Dashehari) during fruit ripening

Ripening affects the quality and nutritional contents of fleshy fruits. Mango, a climacteric fruit, is very susceptible to post-harvest losses, due to fast softening. In the present paper we report the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and Ethrel on antioxidant levels in mango fruit during ripening. Use of 1-MCP is applied commercially to delay ripening while Ethrel is used to accelerate ripening of climacteric fruits. 1-MCP treatment led to decreased levels of H₂O₂ and lipid peroxidation, concomitant with increased activities and isozymes of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as compared to respective controls. On the other hand, Ethrel treatment led to an increase in H₂O₂ and lipid peroxidation, concomitant with a decrease in the activities and isozymes of catalase and SOD. Guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) could not be detected in the control or in treated fruits. Activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) was found to drastically increase in the presence of Ethrel while 1-MCP treatment led to only a marginal increase in APX.     

Tools to maintain postharvest fruit and vegetable quality through the inhibition of ethylene action: a review

Ethylene is a plant hormone controlling a wide range of physiological processes in plants. During postharvest storage of fruit and vegetables ethylene can induce negative effects including senescence, over-ripening, accelerated quality loss, increased fruit pathogen susceptibility, and physiological disorders, among others. Apart from the endogenous ethylene production by plant tissues, external sources of ethylene (e.g. engine exhausts, pollutants, plant, and fungi metabolism) occur along the food chain, in packages, storage chambers, during transportation, and in domestic refrigerators. Thus, it is a great goal in postharvest to avoid ethylene action. This review focuses on tools which may be used to inhibit ethylene biosynthesis/action or to remove ethylene surrounding commodities in order to avoid its detrimental effects on fruit and vegetable quality. As inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis and action, good results have been found with polyamines and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) in terms of maintenance of fruit and vegetable quality and extension of postharvest shelf-life. As ethylene scavengers, the best results can be achieved by adsorbers combined with catalysts, either chemical or biological (biofilters).