储能与AGC机组协同的鲁棒调度

利用储能所具有的调节速率快的特点参与自动发电控制(AGC)机组调度,对应对风光间歇性具备明显的优势.已有计及储能的调度决策方法往往不能准确刻画储能应对风光间歇性的作用.为此,提出了储能协同AGC机组应对风光间歇性的两阶段鲁棒优化调度模型,将储能与AGC机组在控制中的动作轨迹抽象为任意2个瞬间之间的过程,利用储能所具有的快速充放电特点,弥补AGC机组响应速度的不足,提高其爬坡能力来释放机组的调节潜力,从而应对可再生能源发电的间歇性问题.所提两阶段模型具有解耦复杂、迭代次数多的特点,采用列约束生成(C&CG)算法进行求解.算例结果表明,与不考虑利用储能应对间歇性的模型相比,所提模型具有较强的鲁棒性,可有效降低对电力系统调度的配置需求,在经济和效率上有明显的优势.     

一种利用压强脉动信号测取鼓泡床中气含率的新方法

实验测定了不同操作条件下反应器内的压强脉动时序信号. 提出了一种求取鼓泡床中气含率的新方法，即根据压强脉动信号功率谱图上的主频确定小波主尺度，并对该尺度上的细节信号的间歇行为进行了分析；在局部间歇性分析(Local Intermittency Measurement, LIM)曲线上选取合适的阈值后，对不同径向位置上的局部气含率进行估计，进而得到反应器截面上的平均气含率值. 根据本工作的LIM分析方法计算得到的气含率与压降法实测气含率相一致，这也表明反应器内气泡是导致鼓泡流中压强脉动的主要因素.     

γ-Re_θ转捩模型在风力机翼型数值计算中的应用

很多湍流模型忽略了层流区域的存在,但实际流动在翼型某位置处开始转捩,此时模型显然偏离实质,计算结果精度较低。因此加入γ-Reθ转捩模型,将转捩动量厚度雷诺数Reθ作为经验关联函数来控制边界层内间歇因子γ的生成,再通过间歇因子来控制湍动能产生项,使湍流模型在层流区域失效。首先为了验证数值计算的准确性,采用上述方法针对风力机翼型A2121,在高雷诺数4×106下对几种典型攻角的气动性能进行计算,对比普通全湍流模型、湍流转捩模型和风洞试验的计算结果,发现湍流转捩模型结果更精确。之后在更大攻角范围-10.14°~25.09°内,采用此转捩模型数值方法进行气动仿真,发现其总体计算结果与风洞试验实验数据较吻合,验证了此数值方法的正确性和有效性。     

SVC动态特性对风电场接入电网电压稳定性的影响

以多数风场配置的无源无功补偿装置为例,构建TCR/MCR型SVC仿真控制模型,研究它们在风场动稳和暂稳期间的响应特性,分析它们对风电运行电压稳定的改善作用仿真结果表明TCR/MCR型SVC对于提高风电场电压稳定性均具有明显的作用,但前者能更快地跟踪电压波动,快速调整无功输出,更好地抑制了电压波动.     

电脑鼠走迷宫算法仿真设计

主要研究电脑鼠走迷宫的算法,主要包括迷宫生成算法、原始全迷宫搜索算法和修正后的泛洪算法.改进后的算法可以搜索到从起点到终点的所有可行路径中的一条最佳路径,以实现快速、高效求解迷宫的目的.     

To react or not to react? Intrinsic stochasticity of human control in virtual stick balancing

Understanding how humans control unstable systems is central to many research problems, with applications ranging from quiet standing to aircraft landing. Increasingly, much evidence appears in favour of event-driven control hypothesis: human operators only start actively controlling the system when the discrepancy between the current and desired system states becomes large enough. The event-driven models based on the concept of threshold can explain many features of the experimentally observed dynamics. However, much still remains unclear about the dynamics of human-controlled systems, which likely indicates that humans use more intricate control mechanisms. This paper argues that control activation in humans may be not threshold-driven, but instead intrinsically stochastic, noise-driven. Specifically, we suggest that control activation stems from stochastic interplay between the operator''s need to keep the controlled system near the goal state, on the one hand, and the tendency to postpone interrupting the system dynamics, on the other hand. We propose a model capturing this interplay and show that it matches the experimental data on human balancing of virtual overdamped stick. Our results illuminate that the noise-driven activation mechanism plays a crucial role at least in the considered task, and, hypothetically, in a broad range of human-controlled processes.     

Lifted flames on fuel jets in co-flowing air

The three principal theories for the stabilization of lifted flames on turbulent jets of fuel are reviewed in the light of the most recent flame imaging experiments in the literature. Most of these experiments have been conducted with a small co-flow of air, but the observations are relevant to lift-off with higher ratios of co-flowing air to fuel jet velocity. The similarity solutions for jets in co-flow are developed, and data from a variety of fluid dynamic sources are assessed to yield the governing parameters for mean flow, turbulence and mixture fraction. New data for lifted flames on a methane jet in diffusing streams of co-flowing air are then presented. These data provide essential information on the intermittency, and on the properties of the jet conditioned on the presence of turbulent fluid. However, the co-flow lifts the flame to stabilize in better-mixed regions than in its absence. The ‘premixture’ model is confirmed for this situation, in which the lift-off heights were more than 20 jet diameters and where there is little intermittency at the stabilization radius. Nevertheless, mixing data for this geometry in the absence of a flame show that, with lift-off heights less than 20 jet diameters, the base of the flame would have been in the outer regions of the jet where the mixture of fuel in air only reaches stoichiometric proportions intermittently, with the passage of large eddies. Trading on many papers from the recent literature where this was the case, both experimental and computational insights as to the processes in this region are reviewed. A question remains about how ignition is maintained in these experiments with low turbulent lift-off. It is hypothesized that the mechanism is the diffusive heating of the slowly moving surrounding air which then provides an energy store for the incoming eddies. Further time-resolved observations of reaction zone and high temperature gas structure are required to test this model.     

具有间断事件检测和分离的经验模态分解方法

针对在经验模态分解（EMD）筛选过程中间断信号引起的模态混叠问题，提出了一种新的解决方法．该方法为根据间断过程信号与正常背景信号时间尺度的不同，利用固有模态函数（IMF）的瞬时频率特性实现间断信号的精确定位，依据定位的间断信号段经端点延拓重新做EMD分离出间断信号，从而在后续的EMD中消除该间断信号的影响．将该方法与小波法消除间断信号的结果进行了比较，显示其滤除结果的信号失真较小，并可将间断信号分解为一固有模态函数．     

多重产生中阵发混沌现象研究的分析及阶乘矩和斜率参数的修正

通过对多重产生中阵发混沌现象研究的最新进展的分析。讨论了与这种现象有关的动力学起伏和分形几何的性质。并说明了分形几何在其它领域(其中包括在地质结构和石油开采方面)的应用前景。特别是,对阶乘矩和斜率参数的修正计算表明,多重产生中的阵发混沌可能有其它的机制。     

并联降压变换器的非线性行为分析与控制

以主从控制的并联降压型变换器为研究对象,通过实验得到间歇混沌等非线性行为,并通过特征值分析法进行验证,揭示了开关变换器工作中不规则运动产生的原因,为电路设计提供理论依据;在此基础上,提出时间与参数映射的方法和混沌控制的解决方案——相移法。通过将系统的其中一个驱动控制信号发生相位移动或延迟,把系统的混沌运动状态转变为规则运动状态,从而实现了并联降压型变换器电路的混沌控制。相移前后功率谱的变化充分说明了相移法实现混沌控制的可行性和正确性。