核磁共振波谱法测定臭氧化橄榄油中的活性成分含量

以橄榄油为原料,经臭氧氧化制备臭氧化橄榄油。利用核磁共振(NMR)采集碳谱数据,积分碳谱特征峰,计算橄榄油被氧化成分的相对含量。结果表明:臭氧化橄榄油与橄榄油碳谱有明显的区别,臭氧化橄榄油在δ103.1处出现新峰,对应δ130.1处的峰高减弱,这是由于橄榄油中的不饱和双键被氧化。采用该方法测得5个臭氧化油中活性成分含量分别为21.46%、21.03%、21.31%、18.71%和24.42%。采用核磁共振波谱法测定臭氧化橄榄油的活性成分含量具有操作简单,不需要预处理,结果可靠的优点。     

臭氧氧化-循环喷淋法处理钨钼选矿废水

采用臭氧氧化-循环喷淋法去除钨钼选矿废水中COD,研究了pH值、臭氧流量、循环频率对COD去除效果的影响。结果表明: 废水COD去除率随pH值、臭氧流量、循环频率增大而增加,在pH值为10、臭氧流量3.0 L/min、循环频率4.0次/min条件下,氧化120 min后废水COD含量由131 mg/L降至11.5 mg/L,COD去除率达91.2%,满足《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)一级标准。与O₂、NaClO处理废水COD的对比试验结果表明,循环喷淋法结合O₃表现出较好的COD去除效果。     

Effects of ozone treatment on pesticide residues in food: a review

In agriculture, pesticide residues have always posed a major safety hazard to human health. With the development of agricultural production and improvements in science and technology, additional methods for degradation of pesticide residues have emerged. Amongst them, ozone treatment recently became a popular method owing to its outstanding technical advantages. This review is an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms by which ozone treatment degrades pesticide residues. The main mechanism involves direct oxidation by oxygen atoms, and indirect oxidation driven by hydroxyl radicals. The effects of ozone treatment on pesticide residues in food with respect to the ozone concentration, duration of ozone treatment, type of food, variety of pesticides, level of pesticide residues and environmental factors have been discussed. Furthermore, the impact of ozone treatment on the quality of food is highlighted. Low levels of ozone result in minor changes to the visual and sensory characteristics of food. In addition, this article discusses several restrictions surrounding the current application of ozone treatment for the degradation of pesticide residues. More specifically, the most crucial issue is the potential toxicity of ozonation byproducts generated by the process, which is also the current focus of research on ozone treatment for the degradation of pesticide residues. After weighing the advantages and disadvantages of ozone treatment, it is recommended as a method of degrading pesticide residues.     

蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧氧化处理饮用水中试

在北京市某净水厂进行了臭氧催化氧化处理滤后水的中试，对各种操作条件下蜂窝陶瓷催化臭氧氧化／颗粒活性炭过滤工艺的净水效果进行了考察。结果表明，与臭氧单独氧化相比，臭氧催化氧化反应器中有较高的溶解性臭氧浓度，对天然有机物（NOM）及总有机物（TOC）的去除效果较好，三氯甲烷生成潜能（CHCl3FP）较低。臭氧催化氧化的后续活性炭滤柱上的生物量较多，出水TOC、UV254及CHCl3FP值也均低于臭氧单独氧化的后续活性炭滤柱出水。     

Effect of biological and chemical oxidation on the removal of estrogenic compounds (NP and BPA) from wastewater: an integrated assessment procedure

A major source of the wide presence of EDCs (Endocrine Disrupting Compounds) in water bodies is represented by direct/indirect discharge of sewage. Recent scientific literature reports data about their trace concentration in water, sediments and aquatic organisms, as well as removal efficiencies of different wastewater treatment schemes. Despite the availability of a huge amount of data, some doubts still persist due to the difficulty in evaluating synergistic effects of trace pollutants in complex matrices. In this paper, an integrated assessment procedure was used, based on chemical and biological analyses, in order to compare the performance of two full scale biological wastewater treatment plants (either equipped with conventional settling tanks or with an ultrafiltration membrane unit) and tertiary ozonation (pilot scale).Nonylphenol and bisphenol A were chosen as model EDCs, together with the parent compounds mono- and di-ethoxylated nonylphenol (quantified by means of GC-MS). Water estrogenic activity was evaluated by applying the human breast cancer MCF-7 based reporter gene assay. Process parameters (e.g., sludge age, temperature) and conventional pollutants (e.g., COD, suspended solids) were also measured during monitoring campaigns.Conventional activated sludge achieved satisfactory removal of both analytes and estrogenicity. A further reduction of biological activity was exerted by MBR (Membrane Biological Reactor) as well as ozonation; the latter contributed also to decrease EDC concentrations.     

O3/BAC工艺应用于城市污水深度处理

为使再生水适合不同用途,对经过混凝沉淀和砂滤处理的再生水进行了臭氧-生物活性炭的深度处理.在臭氧消耗量和反应时间分别为5 mg/L和10 min,BAC空床停留时间(EBCT)为10 min的条件下,臭氧-生物活性炭工艺对CODMn、DOC、UV254和色度平均去除率为32.4%、29.2%、48.6%和80.1%,出水CODMn、DOC、UV254和色度的平均值分别为3.3 mg/L、4.0mg/L、0.05 cm-1和2.0倍;臭氧生物活性炭工艺出水SDI《4,从而满足了反渗透系统的进水要求.     

污水厂二级处理出水的臭氧氧化特性及其动力学

研究了城市污水厂二级处理出水的臭氧氧化特性及其动力学规律。结果表明，臭氧氧化可以显著提高二级处理出水的可生化性，当臭氧投量为10mg／L、接触时间为2min时，可使其BDOC和TOC／UV254值分别提高约1倍；当接触时间为4min时，臭氧氧化对COD、TOC的去除率分别达到25．7％和16．5％，使UV254和色度分别降低了62．31％和79．25％，同时分子质量〈1ku的有机物所占比例由原来的52．9％升高到72．6％。当接触时间从2min延长到30min时，对NH3-N的去除率由1．3％增加到22．5％。拟合结果表明，在（0～1．6）、（1．6～16）和（16～30）min的时段内，臭氧氧化反应均为一级反应，但反应速率逐渐降低。     

Efficient ozonation of reverse osmosis concentrates from petroleum refinery wastewater using composite metal oxideloaded alumina

Novel Mn–Fe–Mg-and Mn–Fe–Ce-loaded alumina(Mn–Fe–Mg/Al_2O_3 and Mn–Fe–Ce/Al_2O_3) were developed to catalytically ozonate reverse osmosis concentrates generated from petroleum refinery wastewaters(PRW-ROC). Highly dispersed 100–300-nm deposits of composite multivalent metal oxides of Mn(Mn~(2+)), Mn~(3+),and Mn~(4+), Fe(Fe~(2+))and Fe~(3+) and Mg(Mg~(2+)), or Ce(Ce~(4+)) were achieved on Al_2O_3 supports. The developed Mn–Fe–Mg/Al_2O_3 and Mn–Fe–Ce/Al_2O_3 exhibited higher catalytic activity during the ozonation of PRW-ROC than Mn–Fe/Al_2O_3, Mn/Al_2O-3, Fe/Al_2O_3, and Al_2O_3. Chemical oxygen demand removal by Mn–Fe–Mg/Al_2O_3-or Mn–Fe–Ce/Al_2O_3-catalyzed ozonation increased by 23.9% and23.2%, respectively, in comparison with single ozonation.Mn–Fe–Mg/Al_2O_3 and Mn–Fe–Ce/Al_2O_3 notably promoted áOH generation and áOH-mediated oxidation. This study demonstrated the potential use of composite metal oxide-loaded Al_2O_3 in advanced treatment of bio-recalcitrant wastewaters.     

臭氧催化氧化深度处理造纸废水的试验研究

广东东莞某一家造纸企业污水处理系统的生化池出水具有色度高、难降解的特点。采用臭氧催化氧化工艺深度处理该废水,探究了空速、臭氧投加量以及O₃、H₂O₂物质的量比对COD去除率的影响。通过试验优选出空速为7 h^-1,臭氧投加量为70 g/t,O₃、H₂O₂物质的量比为0.5时,出水COD满足GB 18918-2002一级A的要求,为臭氧催化氧化在造纸废水中的应用提供技术支撑。     

废水臭氧催化氧化深度处理试验研究

采用单独臭氧及三种不同催化剂对烟气脱硫含碱废水迚行臭氧催化氧化试验,试验结果表明,合适催化剂投加的条件下,可以大大提高臭氧氧化效率,减少臭氧投加量。COD去除率最高可达88%,BOD5、B/C分别提高了88、675倍,大大改善了废水的可生化性,有利于迚行废水深度处理。