四川盆地上三叠统划分对比研究

四川盆地上三叠统对比长期存在混乱，给盆地整体评价带来困难。通过岩石地层、地震地层、事件地层及高分辨率旋回地层等多种方法讨论了须家河组与香溪群各岩性段的对比关系，得出了全盆地上三叠统的对比关系；指出须四段底可近似看成等时界面；须家河组下部地层自西向东、向南逐层超覆在雷口坡组之上，上部地层在盆地西北部自东南向西北方向剥蚀层位渐次变老。文章建议四川盆地上三叠统废除“香溪群”，统一使用“须家河组”，以利于对全盆地上三叠统进行油气资源整体评价与深化研究。     

蒸气爆炸研究现状及问题分析

本文通过对蒸气爆炸研究现状的分析，提出了几个蒸气爆炸研究中亟需解决的问题并阐述了它们的研究意义。这些问题包括分层、泄压速度和泄压率以及压力储罐裂缝发展对蒸气爆炸过程的影响。这几个问题的解决有助于对蒸气爆炸机理的了解。     

Predicting Acute Renal Failure after Cardiac Surgery: Validation and Re‐definition of a Risk‐Stratification Algorithm

Background:  Acute renal failure (ARF) after cardiac surgery is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, irrespective of the need for dialysis. Previous studies have attempted to identify predictors of ARF and develop risk stratification algorithms. This study aims to validate the algorithm in an independent cohort of patients that includes a significant proportion of female and black patients and compares two different definitions of renal outcome.
Methods:  A large single center cardiac surgery database was examined (n, 24,660; 1993–2000) which included 29.9% females and 3.7% black patients. Post‐operative ARF was defined as: a) ARF requiring dialysis, b) > 50% reduction in creatinine clearance relative to baseline or requiring dialysis. Clinical variables related to baseline renal function and cardiovascular disease were used in recursive partitioning analysis for both outcome definitions. Chi‐square goodness of fit analysis was performed to validate the algorithm.
Results:  The frequency of post‐operative ARF requiring dialysis ranged between 0.5 and 15.5% based on the risk categories with the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.78. Using the more inclusive definition of ARF, the frequency was significantly higher ranging from 2.6 to 25%(P < 0.001) with an area under ROC curve of 0.65.
Conclusions:  The renal risk stratification algorithm is valid in predicting post‐operative ARF in an independent cohort of patients, well represented by differences in gender and race. Since the need for dialysis remains subjective, a more objective and inclusive definition of ARF may help in identifying a larger number of patients 'at‐risk'.     

Effect of water inlet velocity on thermal stratification in a mantled hot water storage tank

Thermal stratification in a mantled hot water storage tank is analysed numerically for different water inlet velocities. The aim is to obtain higher thermal stratification and supply hot water for usage as long as possible. Twelve different water inlet velocities to the hot water storage tank are considered. The numerical method is validated by comparing its results against experimental and numerical results from the literature. It turned out that the results obtained from the numerical analysis have shown very good agreements with the results from previous works. As a result, the water temperature in the tank increases with the increase of the water inlet velocities to the mantle but this increment is not proportional. After a period of operation of 7.2 h, which corresponds to the average sunshine duration in Turkey, temperature increments of 6.5 and 35 K have been estimated for the hot water inlet velocities of 0.01 and 0.3 m s^?1, respectively, at a radial distance of 0.1 m and a height of 1 m inside the storage tank. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

跳汰分层准重液机理探讨

在总结了跳汰选煤长期生产实践的基础上 ,引入了准重液的概念 ,提出了跳汰分选过程中按准重液密度分层的假说 ;准重液密度 =(矿粒重力 -流体对矿粒流动阻力 ) 矿粒体积     

水蓄冷运行控制分析

随着空调蓄冷技术的不断发展,它已逐渐在节能效果、经济效益和社会效益等方面展现出强大的生命力和广阔的市场。主要探讨了自然分层蓄冷形式,该方式利用温度和密度不同的原理,通过斜温层分隔高、低温水。必须严格进行水蓄冷系统的运行控制,否则极易打破其自然分层的规律。     

柘林水库污染物来源及水体分层对水质的影响

为探究水源水库污染物来源及水质变化规律,以九江市水源地柘林水库为研究对象,于2013年4月—2014年4月逐月对柘林水库进行水质监测.现场测定水温、溶解氧等指标,分层取样测定水体CODMn、TOC、TN、TP、Fe、Mn等水质指标.结果表明,柘林水库主要污染物来源为上游来水,其对CODMn、TN、TP贡献率分别达88.3%、76.2%和67.6%.在水体稳定分层期,底部水体CODMn、TOC、TN、TP、Fe、Mn质量浓度分别升高至3.8、2.4、1.12、0.14、0.42和0.34 mg/L;藻类计数及藻种鉴定结果表明,此时期主库区最大藻密度达2.25×106L-1,以绿藻为主.水体混合后出现Mn质量浓度超标问题,达0.16 mg/L.     

水温分层对水库污染物输移的影响

水库温度分层使水库水动力特性及污染物输移过程异于均温型水库.采用三维非线性RNG浮力流模型对分层水库污染物输移的典型过程进行模拟,分析了水体分层条件对污染物输移的影响,探讨了不同分层条件下污染物在不同密度流流动区域射流区、交换区、潜流区的输移扩散规律.研究结果表明,水库分层条件对污染物输移有显著影响,污染物输移的分离点水深、交换区厚度、无量纲时间参数与水库分层强度成反比.研究结果可为水库水质、水生环境管理与调度、水库应急预警方案的制定提供参考.     

渐变折射率薄膜折射率轮廓的分层检测法

对实际渐变折射率薄膜的折射率轮廓进行测量评价.从线性渐变折射率薄膜的折射率轮廓和反射率光谱之间的关系出发,采用反演技术结合梯度薄膜与渐变折射率薄膜的等效原理,对渐变折射率薄膜的折射率轮廓进行模拟测量,得到了实际镀制的渐变折射率薄膜的折射率轮廓.结果表明,使用该方法得到的折射轮廓对应的反射率曲线和实测反射率曲线直接的误差不超过0.4%.     

西安黑河金盆水库季节性热分层的水质响应特征

以西安市金盆水库为对象,通过对水温、水化学及水生生物因子的连续监测,初步探明其动态水体分层过程与季节性水质迁移分布的内在相关性.研究表明:水库于每年3—12月间形成并保持热分层状态,水温梯度的稳定存在有效限制了垂向水层间氧的传质交换,加速库底向厌氧状态过渡,滞水层溶解氧(DO)平均浓度随时间呈明显线性衰减趋势,水层呼吸速率高达0.0356~0.0372mg/(L·d)(O2);缺氧/厌氧环境下,沉积物中N、P、Fe等大量释放并向上覆水扩散,底层水质污染加剧.同温混合期后(1—2月),分层结构破坏,全库处于好氧(DO大于8mg/L)、微碱性(pH为7.1~7.3)状态,垂向水质分层异质特征消失.监测期间,水库湖泊区稳态叶绿素a含量(基于Lois Elle稳态假设前提)随混合深度增大而降低,两者存在显著指数负相关.热分层效应的稳定存在是加速金盆水库富营养化进程的重要因素;而其周期性结构失稳所带来的水质突发性污染风险将伴随水库运行时间的延长而上升.