葛洲坝水利枢纽泄水建筑物进水口冲磨与修复

葛洲坝水利枢纽工程已运行20余年，近年水下检查中发现泄水建筑物进水口存在不同程度的冲磨，有些已威胁到建筑物安全运行，分析冲磨原因和探讨修复材料和手段是非常重要的，本文就此问题提出一些看法和建议供参考。     

300MW机组高压加热器结构特点

简要介绍了哈锅300MW机组高压加热器发展概况及给水入口管端、过热蒸气冷却段出口部、疏水冷却段入口部、上级疏水入口等部件的结构特点。     

基于LSTM的阀冷系统入水温度及冷却裕度预测

为解决换流站阀冷系统状态缺乏智能预测手段和极端工况下冷却能力是否充裕难以评估的问题,提出基于长短期记忆网络(long short-term memory, LSTM)的换流阀冷却裕度预测方法。在阀冷系统冷却裕度指标量化评估的基础上,考虑多源影响因素,通过相关性强弱选择特征量并构建数据样本集,利用长短时记忆网络建立预测模型,并基于大量实际样本数据进行训练,对入水温度和冷却裕度发展趋势做出预测、提前预警,同时提供极端工况下冷却裕度的分析模型,为现场处理决策提供依据。通过穗东换流站的实例分析,验证了算法的有效性和可行性。     

电站取水河段长时段的泥沙淤积特性研究（注：研究生论坛）

摘 要:为解决将数学模型运用于电站取水口长时段内的河床演变问题,从而引起计算效率与精度不足的缺陷。本文采用基于隐式与显式结合的算法,探索河道长时段的泥沙淤积特性,建立能模拟长时段河床演变的水沙数学模型,并将该模型应用于昭化电站取水河段泥沙冲淤模拟。通过物理模型与数学模型在不同频率洪水下取水口水位和流速的比较结果,表明此数学模型可以较好模拟取水口水流特性;通过预测昭化电站拉沙方案与不拉沙方案下取水河段运行多年后的河床演变,结果表明此数学模型模拟结果与实际工程结果相似,符合客观规律,能较好模拟河段的泥沙问题。     

反应堆流场分析的数值模拟

运用CFD分析工具对反应堆内的流场分布进行数值模拟,给出反应堆燃料组件入口处流场的速度和流量分配情况.通过对计算结果的比较分析,对核电厂反应堆内的流动特性有比较全面的了解,从而为反应堆堆内构件的设计和优化提供分析依据.结果表明反应堆内流场采用CFD技术进行模拟计算是可行的.     

循环流化床烟气脱硫塔进口流场模拟及优化

为了改进循环流化床脱硫塔因下部装有的弯管加文丘里管式入口结构所造成的底部区域不均匀气流场,采用RNGκ-ε湍流模型对脱硫塔的气流场进行了模拟计算,讨论了这种进口结构对脱硫塔流场的影响机理,并对该进口结构进行了优化.结果表明:RNGκ-ε模型对于该流场具有较好的模拟效果,在弯管和文丘里管综合作用下,脱硫塔内中下部的气流场分布不均,而返料口对脱硫塔的气流场影响很小.通过对比3种入口结构的优化方式,发现采用改进导流叶片的方式优化效果较好,可成功均布脱硫塔气流场,造成的床层压损也很小.     

Design concept of three-dimensional section controllable internal waverider hypersonic inlet

A new hypersonic inlet named three-dimensional section controllable internal waverider inlet is presented in this paper to achieve the goal of section shape geometric transition and complete capture of the upstream mass. On the basis of the association between hypersonic waverider airframe and streamtraced hypersonic inlet, the waverider concept is extended to yield results for the internal flows, namely internal waverider concept. It is proven theoretically that not osculating cones but osculating axisymmetric theory is appropriate for the design of section controllable internal waverider inlet. And two design methods out of the internal waverider concept are proposed subsequently to construct two inlets with specific section shape request, triangle to ellipse and rectangle to ellipse ones. The calculation results show that the inlets are capable of keeping their shock structures and the main flow characteristics exactly as their derived flowfield. Further, the inlets successfully capture all the upstream mass despite their complicated cross-section transitions. It is believed that the concept proposed explores a new way of designing three-dimensional hypersonic inlets with special demand of section shape transition. However, the detailed flow characteristic and the performance of the internal waverider inlets are still under investigation. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 90405009)     

Study on the floatation mechanism and floatation performance for the floatation cyclone of natural inlet air

A novel structure floatation cyclone of natural inlet air has been designed, and its structural characteristics and floatation principle have been analyzed. The velocity and pressure distributions within the flow field of the floatation cyclone have been studied by Navier-Stokes equations. Based on the flow characteristics of the mixture of fine coal and water, reasonable boundary conditions are decided and the equations are modified, so that the final equations can describe the real flow state of the flow field of the floatation cyclone. The boundary surface position between float coal and tailings is determined and there is an air cylinder in the central region of the floatation cyclone. The research reveals the floatation mechanism of the floatation cyclone. The floatation results can be greatly improved by regulating the structural dimensions of cyclone. The experimental results show that the floatation cyclone is very effective for the floatation of fine coal grains.     

多约束条件清管周期优化模型研究

建立了多约束条件清管周期优化模型,同时考虑了管道运行的动力费用、热力费用以及单次清管费用等经济性条件和最大蜡沉积厚度小于2mm等安全性条件。利用多约束条件清管周期优化模型对某含蜡原油管道冬季不同输量和进站温度的清管周期进行计算,综合考虑管道运行的经济性和安全性,给出了合理的清管周期。研究表明,输量减小,清管周期先增加后减小;进站温度升高,清管周期增加。同时研究了燃料油价格、电力价格和单次清管费用等价格因素对清管周期的影响。电力价格增加会导致清管周期减小,燃料价格和单次清管费用增加会导致清管周期增加。     

高海拔地区大容量机组尾水管进口压力的控制研究

为了使高海拔地区大容量机组水力过渡过程中尾水管进口压力满足规范要求,选择合理的导叶关闭过程至关重要,导叶关闭过程是水力过渡过程中解决水电站运行安全问题最经济、最常用的措施之一。结合某高海拔地区大容量机组水电站工程实例,采用特征线计算方法,应用过渡过程软件进行仿真计算研究。结果表明:对于高海拔地区大容量机组水电站,选择合理的导叶折线关闭规律,能有效地改善尾水管进口压力,从而满足按海拔高程修正后的控制标准。研究成果可为规范控制高海拔地区大容量机组水电站水力过渡过程中尾水管的进口压力提供参考。