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排序方式: 共有674条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(15):21483-21491
To battle the high open-circuit voltage deficit (VOC,def) in kesterite (Cu2ZnSnS4 or CZTS) solar cells, a current field of research relates to point defect engineering by cation substitution. For example, by partly replacing Cu with an element of a larger ionic radius, such as Ag, the degree of Cu/Zn disorder decreases, and likewise does the associated band tailing. In this paper, solution-processed (Ag1-xCux)2ZnSnS4 (ACZTS) samples are prepared through the aprotic molecular ink approach using DMSO as the solvent. The successful incorporation of silver into the CZTS lattice is demonstrated with relatively high silver concentrations, namely Ag/(Ag+Cu) ratios of 13% and 26%. The best device was made with 13% Ag/(Ag+Cu) and had an efficiency of 4.9%. The samples are compared to the pure CZTS sample in terms of microstructure, phase distribution, photoluminescence, and device performance. In the XRD patterns, a decrease in the lattice parameter c/a ratio is observed for ACZTS, as well as significant peak splitting with Ag addition for several of the characteristic kesterite XRD reflections. In addition to the improvement in efficiency, other advantageous effects of Ag-incorporation include enhanced grain growth and an increased band gap. A too high concentration of Ag leads to the formation of secondary phases such as SnS and Ag2S as detected by XRD. 相似文献
2.
Martin Trunec Premysl Stastny Jakub Kelar Michal Pazderka 《Ceramics International》2019,45(7):9381-9385
Due to environmental and health aspects, aqueous ceramic slurries are preferred to traditional organic solvent systems in tape casting. An important obstacle associated with the high surface energy of water is poor wetting of aqueous ceramic slurries on polymeric tape carriers. Therefore, we measured the contact angles of an aqueous epoxy-based ceramic slurry on polyethylene terephtalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and aluminium-coated polyethylene terephtalate (PET-Al) films and investigated approaches to improving their wetting. We evaluated the effect of plasma treatment of the tape carrier surface on the wetting behaviour and compared it with the effect of adding non-ionic amphiphilic surfactants to the ceramic slurry. The treatment of the tape carrier surface by low-temperature plasma substantially improved the wetting behaviour of aqueous ceramic slurry. The lowest contact angle of 31° was obtained on the PET film. Although the addition of non-ionic surfactants improved both the wetting behaviour of the slurry and the detachment of the polymeric carrier from the ceramic tape even better than the plasma treatment of the carrier surface did, the plasma-treated carriers still present a useful alternative to the surfactants. In the case of the plasma-treated PET carrier the surfactants could be fully eliminated and potential drawbacks related to the use of surfactants could be prevented. 相似文献
3.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(7):9400-9406
In the present study, we prepared vacancy-engineered V2O5-x films for electrochromic (EC) applications. To investigate the vacancy effect of V2O5-x films with high EC performance capabilities, precursor concentrations of V-based sol solutions were varied at 1 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt%. Among them, V2O5-x films with a precursor concentration of 5 wt% (V2O5-5wt%) showed superior EC performance outcomes due to the (001)-plane-oriented crystal structure, which provides high electrical conductivity with the oxygen vacancy (Vo). In addition, the gravel-like uniform surface morphology with the optimized film thickness provides a stable electrochemical reaction during the EC measurement. As a result, V2O5-5wt% exhibited fast switching speeds (2.1 s for coloration and 3.6 s for bleaching), high transmittance modulation (ΔT) (51.32%), high coloration efficiency (CE) (52.3 cm2/C), and excellent cycle stability (85.85% ΔT retention after 500 cycles). In addition, V2O5-5wt% showed energy storage capability of 443.7 F/g at a current density of 2 A/g, thus proving its potential for use in multi-functional applications. Therefore, these results provide valuable insight related to the engineering of vacancies in EC films to achieve high-performance EC devices and additional multi-functional applications. 相似文献
4.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(18):26508-26518
Flexible photoelectronic devices are in demand right now. In this work, a new family of biopolymer-based photodetectors is described. Chitosan (CS) was utilized as a safe, biodegradable host biopolymer, and nanostructured barium tungstate (BaWO4) particles were used as the nanofiller of the biopolymer matrix to prepare flexible optical sensors. The co-precipitation process was used to produce the filler powders, which were then dried at room temperature without using any surfactants or hazardous solvents. The fabricated sensor showed high flexibility and sensitivity to UV/proton/alpha and laser irradiation. X-ray diffraction (XRD), XPS, FTIR, EDX-map analysis also confirmed the successful synthesis, related chemical binding, and elements in the nanocomposite structure. According to the TEM images, the average particle size of synthesized BaWO4 NPs was obtained at about 110 nm. A considerable luminescence emission was observed in the constructed sensor's blue/green and ultraviolet spectral regions under various excitation sources. The developed sensor was nontoxic to the cells and provided soft, thin, antibacterial activity, flexible, and comfortable contact with skin, and promising ionizing ray detection applications in flexible optical sensors. 相似文献
5.
Jan Mrázek Jan Aubrecht Filip Todorov Jiří Buršík Viktor Puchý Robert Džunda Soňa Vytykáčová Ivan Kašík 《Ceramics International》2018,44(8):9479-9483
We present a laser-assisted preparation of transparent europium-titanate Eu2Ti2O7 thin films with tailored structural and optical properties. We have evaluated the effects of the irradiation time on the structural and the optical properties of the films. This approach allows the preparation of nanocrystalline crack-free films and micro patterns. The amorphous thin films were prepared by a sol-gel method. The films were annealed by a CO2 laser beam for various time intervals. The laser irradiation induced a crystallization process that resulted in the formation of Eu2Ti2O7 nanocrystals. The nanocrystals regularly grew with increasing irradiation time reaching the size from 25?nm to 45?nm. A film of a thickness 480?nm exhibited an optical transmission of 91.9% that is close to the maximal theoretical limit. The film's refractive index at 632?nm was 2.26. A micrometric pattern was prepared by a direct laser writing followed by a wet chemical etching. Feasibility of the demonstrated approach, together with the high film's quality, and europium-titanate chemical resistivity open up many opportunities for advanced applications. The approach can be used for a preparation of protective coatings and integrated photonic devices such as planar optical waveguides and couplers. 相似文献
6.
Cadmium Sulfide and Ferrous doped Cadmium Sulfide thin films have been prepared on different substrates using an electrodeposition technique. Linear sweep voltammetric analysis has been carried out to determine deposition potential of the prepared films. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the prepared films possess polycrystalline nature with hexagonal structure. Surface morphology and film composition have been analyzed using Scanning electron microscopy and Energy dispersive analysis by X-rays. Optical absorption analysis showed that the prepared films are found to exhibit Band gap value in the range between 2.3, 2.8 eV for Cadmium Sulfide and Ferrous doped Cadmium Sulfide. 相似文献
7.
《Ceramics International》2019,45(15):18501-18508
The modification and tuning features of nanostructured films are of great interest because of controllable and distinctive inherent properties in these materials. Here, nanocrystalline MoS2 films were fabricated on the stainless steels by a radio frequency magnetron sputtering at ambient temperature. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering spectroscopy were used to study the chemical state, chemical composition, crystal structure and vibrational properties of the fabricated MoS2 films. The bias voltage dependent structural evolution and its influence on the optical properties of MoS2 nanocrystalline films were systematically investigated. Besides, the residual stresses of MoS2 nanocrystalline films were explored by employing sin2ψ approach. X-ray diffraction demonstrates that the nanocrystalline MoS2 films have single-phase hexagonal crystal structure. All MoS2 films are polycrystalline in nature. The bandgap values are found to be intensively dependent on bias voltage. Our findings show that the nanocrystalline MoS2 films with different physical properties and intense quantum confinement effect can be realized through adjusting bias voltages. This work may provide deep insight for realizing transitional metal dichalcogenide-based nanostructured film optoelectronic devices with tunable physical properties through a traditional, very cost-effective, and large-scale fabrication method. 相似文献
8.
Adem Sreedhar I. Neelakanta Reddy Qui Thanh Hoai Ta Gitae Namgung Eunbin Cho Jin-Seo Noh 《Ceramics International》2019,45(6):6985-6993
In this paper, novel morphology correlation between silver nanowires (AgNWs) and cobalt (Co)-doped ZnO (Co-ZnO) flake-like thin films (nanowire/flake-like) has been proposed for enhanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting activity. Here in, high-quality AgNWs/Co-ZnO heterostructures enabled superior visible light water splitting activity compared to the pure ZnO and AgNWs/ZnO. To address the strategic effect of AgNWs coupling and transition metal (Co-2?at%) doping into the ZnO host lattice, we have carried out the X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–Vis transmittance, water contact angle and PEC analyses. In this way, PEC water splitting activity was mainly examined by linear sweep voltammetry (I-V), amperometric I-t and photoconversion efficiency (η) studies. The experimental results provide clear evidence of morphology correlation between AgNWs and Co-ZnO flake-like structures for strong visible light absorption. Specifically, AgNWs/Co-ZnO composites exhibited significant enhancement in the photocurrent density (7.0?×?10?4 A/cm2) than AgNWs/ZnO (3.2?×?10?4 A/cm2) and pure ZnO (1.5?×?10?6 A/cm2). As a result, detailed AgNWs/Co-ZnO geometry has great potential for photoconversion efficiency (0.73%). In a word, the merits of controllable AgNWs/Co-ZnO heterostructure are proposed to improve the visible light harvesting and charge carrier generation for energy conversion devices. 相似文献
9.
Banani Kundu Nicholas E. Kurland Subia Bano Chinmoy Patra Felix B. Engel Vamsi K. Yadavalli Subhas C. Kundu 《Progress in Polymer Science》2014
Biomaterials of either natural or synthetic origin are used to fabricate implantable devices, as carriers for bioactive molecules or as substrates to facilitate tissue regeneration. For the design of medical devices it is fundamental to use materials characterized by non-immunogenicity, biocompatibility, slow and/or controllable biodegradability, non-toxicity, and structural integrity. The success of biomaterial-derived biodevices tends to be based on the biomimetic architecture of the materials. Recently, proteins from natural precursors that are essentially structural and functional polymers, have gained popularity as biomaterials. The silks produced by silkworms or spiders are of particular interest as versatile protein polymers. These form the basis for diverse biomedical applications that exploit their unique biochemical nature, biocompatibility and high mechanical strength. This review discusses and summarizes the latest advances in the engineering of silk-based biomaterials, focusing specifically on the fabrication of diverse bio-mimetic structures such as films, hydrogels, scaffolds, nanofibers and nanoparticles; their functionalization and potential for biomedical applications. 相似文献
10.
We have employed KrF excimer laser annealing (ELA) treatment on sol–gel derived indium–zinc oxide (IZO) precursor films to develop a method of low thermal-budget processing. As-coated IZO sol–gel film was dried at 150 °C and then annealed using KrF excimer laser irradiation under ambient air. The laser irradiation energy density was adjusted to 150, 250, 350, and 450 mJ/cm2 to investigate the effects of laser irradiation energy density on the microstructure, surface morphology, optical transmittance, and electrical properties of laser annealed IZO thin films. Results of GIXRD and TEM-SAED indicated that the ELA IZO thin films had an amorphous phase structure. The surface characteristics and electrical properties of laser annealed IZO thin films were significantly affected by the laser irradiation energy density. It was found that the dried IZO sol–gel films irradiated with a laser energy density of 350 mJ/cm2 exhibited the flattest surface, the highest average optical transmittance in the visible region, and the best electrical properties among all ELA samples. 相似文献