Study on metamerism degree evaluation based on wavelength sensitive cone weighting algorithm

Metamerism phenomenon can be used in illuminant detection to ensure the accuracy of light source. A method based on Long‐, Middle‐, Short‐ wavelength cones(LMS) weighting algorithm to evaluate metamerism degree is proposed. The chromatic relationship between the degree of metamerism mismatch and the light source is studied. Herein, the consistency between the metameric indices (MIs) and CIE1976 L*a*b* color difference ranking is analyzed by SRCC, KRCC, PLCC and RMSE. A statistically sampling method to obtain practical LMS cone fundamentals to evaluate metamerism degree is employed. The analysis results obtained show that the method based on LMS weighting algorithm has good evaluation ability and stability in simulation experiments and statistically sampling experiments, which are in line with visual characteristics of human. Proposed method meets the requirements of selecting metameric pairs used in light source detection. The analysis results have certain guiding significance.     

一种基于抽取LMS的距离旁瓣抑制方法

在噪声雷达中，传统相关处理方法的距离旁瓣受到时宽带宽积的限制，在有限相关处理时间内得到的距离旁瓣较高，会造成微弱目标被强目标、杂波旁瓣淹没的现象。提出一种基于抽取最小均方（Least Mean Square,LMS）滤波的噪声雷达旁瓣抑制方法，将LMS滤波器的系数作为距离压缩结果，从而获取较低的距离旁瓣。对该方法的性能进行了理论分析，并通过数字仿真验证了算法的有效性和理论分析的正确性。     

基于LMS算法的粉尘静电信号处理

基于课题组自主研发的颗粒物检测系统,根据静电感应的原理获得了大量含有随机噪声的粉尘信号.采用自适应噪声对消的方法对粉尘静电感应信号进行提取,并提出一种新的变步长最小均方误差(least mean square,LMS)自适应算法来修改滤波器系数.引入新的步长因子和误差的非线性关系,使算法具有更好的稳态性能,对新算法的机理和参数进行深入分析,更好地提高了低信噪比下算法的收敛速率并保证了稳态时的性能.将该算法用于粉尘静电感应信号的滤波处理,仿真结果证明该算法能很好地滤除随机噪声.     

新的变步长LMS算法在系统辨识中的应用

在分析最小均方误差(LMS)自适应滤波算法和变步长LMS算法的基础上,提出了一种新的变步长算法,该算法用误差的平均值来控制步长的变化,进一步的解决了收敛速度和稳态误差的矛盾。讲述了新算法的具体改进方式,并将该算法和变步长G-SVSLMS算法以及固定步长算法分别应用到系统辨识中,通过MATLAB进行仿真,结果证实文中提出的算法在明显提高收敛速度的同时,并拥有好的稳态误差。     

Adaptive sparse system identification using normalized least mean fourth algorithm

Normalized least mean square (NLMS) was considered as one of the classical adaptive system identification algorithms. Because most of systems are often modeled as sparse, sparse NLMS algorithm was also applied to improve identification performance by taking the advantage of system sparsity. However, identification performances of NLMS type algorithms cannot achieve high‐identification performance, especially in low signal‐to‐noise ratio regime. It was well known that least mean fourth (LMF) can achieve high‐identification performance by utilizing fourth‐order identification error updating rather than second‐order. However, the main drawback of LMF is its instability and it cannot be applied to adaptive sparse system identifications. In this paper, we propose a stable sparse normalized LMF algorithm to exploit the sparse structure information to improve identification performance. Its stability is shown to be equivalent to sparse NLMS type algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed normalized LMF algorithm can achieve better identification performance than sparse NLMS one. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Perceived openness of Learning Management Systems by students and teachers in education and technology courses

The emergence of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) make new tools available for users to manage information and knowledge. These tools are used in different contexts, with varying degrees of success. One of these potential application contexts are teaching and learning processes supported by learning platforms. Learning platforms are a way for institutions to provide teachers and learners with a wide range of educational applications and services. However, students’ learning is not only limited to a specific institution or period of time; instead, learning is a lifelong process and encompasses the use of many different tools. Therefore institutional learning environments should be open in order to enable the export of functionalities and import of information and interaction from outside the institution. In order to do so, this study proposes a service-based framework, which uses interoperability specifications and web services to facilitate opening of the institutional learning systems. Such framework has been tested in educational and technical scenarios with similar results, learning platforms can be open and the exportation of functionalities from them to personal contexts can enrich students learning and increase their participation.     

Adaptive filtering of EEG/ERP through Bounded Range Artificial Bee Colony (BR-ABC) algorithm

In this paper, the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm is applied to construct Adaptive Noise Canceller (ANC) for electroencephalogram (EEG)/Event Related Potential (ERP) filtering with modified range selection, described as Bounded Range ABC (BR-ABC). ERP generated due to hand movement is filtered through Adaptive Noise Canceller (ANC) from the EEG signals. ANCs are also implemented with Least Mean Square (LMS) and Recursive Least Square (RLS) algorithm. Performance of the algorithms is evaluated in terms of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) in dB, correlation between resultant and template ERP, and mean value difference. Testing of their noise attenuation capability is done on contaminated ERP with white noise at different SNR levels. A comparative study of the performance of conventional gradient based methods like LMS, RLS, and ABC algorithm is also made which reveals that ABC algorithm gives better performance in highly noisy environment.     

On the performance of digital adaptive spur cancellation for multi-standard radio frequency transceivers

This study deals with the asymptotic performance of a multiple-spur cancellation scheme. Radio frequency transceivers are now multi-standard and specific impairment can occur. The clock harmonics, called spurs, can leak into the signal band of the reception stage, and thus degrade the performance. The performance of a fully digital approach is presented here. A one-spur cancellation scheme is first described, for which we exploit the a priori knowledge of the spur frequency to create a reference of the polluting tone with the same frequency. A least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm block that uses this reference to mitigate the polluter is designed. However, due to imperfections in the physical components, there is a shift between the a priori frequency and the actual frequency of the spur, and the spur is affected by Brownian phase noise. Under these circumstances, we study the asymptotic and transient performance of the algorithm. We next improve the transient performance by adding a previously proposed adaptive-step-size process. In a second part of this paper, we present a multiple-spur parallel approach that is based on the one-spur cancellation scheme, for which we provide a closed-form expression of the asymptotic signal-plus-noise interference ratio in the presence of frequency shifts and phase noise.     

基于压电智能材料的自适应吸声实验研究

提出了用压电材料进行水下主动宽带低频吸声的方法,用PVDF复合智能材料作为主动吸声系统中的吸声材料,在滤波-X LMS算法基础上,研究了一种在工程中实现简便的次级通道建模方法——通道时延估计法。构建了数字时延控制系统,直接从实际声场中分离入射声波与反射声波作为控制系统的参考信号和误差信号,在脉冲声管中进行了管道声有源吸声控制实验。实验结果表明,在施加控制的情况下PVDF压电智能材料能有效地对低频入射声进行吸收。     

Adaptive parallel interference cancellation for CDMA systems—A weight selection and filtering scheme

Parallel interference cancellation (PIC) is a well-known multiuser detection algorithm in direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) systems. It is typically implemented with a multi-stage architecture. One problem associated with the PIC is that unreliable interference cancellation may occur in the early stages and the system performance may be degraded. Thus, the partial PIC detector was developed to control the cancellation level by use of interference cancellation factors. Partial PIC can be implemented with an adaptive form, in which optimal weights are derived using the least mean square (LMS) algorithm. In this paper, we propose an algorithm improving the conventional adaptive partial PIC. The main idea is to reduce the number of active weights in the LMS algorithm, and to perform weight post-filtering such that the resultant excess mean square error can be reduced. We also analyze the performance of the proposed algorithm and derive the bit error rate of the second stage output. Simulation results verify that the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional partial PIC, and derived analytical results are accurate.