Mesh-connected parallel computer PAX for scientific applications

Nearest-neighbor-mesh connection plus global broadcasting/control bus characterizes the architecture of the processor array PAX, that was constructed for and is now operating in many typical scientific applications. Not only these inter-processor connections, but also an MIMD structure of the machine were found effective in the particle transport problems, that require asynchronous operation.

The paper describes the bases of architecture of two recent versions of the PAX computer, their hardware and software systems, and, based on the implementation of scientific applications, the effectiveness of the PAX type architecture is presented.     

BDNPF/A含能增塑剂在炸药中的应用

双(2,2–二硝基丙基)缩甲(乙)醛(BDNPF/A)含能增塑剂在一系列PAX钝感炸药、PBX塑性黏结炸药中已得到广泛应用。PAX–2A是基于HMX的钝感混合炸药。PBXN–105炸药主要用于鱼雷和水雷;PBXN–106炸药主要用于美国SM–II型系列舰空导弹和MK–82航弹;PBX 9501高能炸药用于美国的热核弹头W76、W78和W88等。在未来一段时间内,BDNPF/A含能增塑剂仍将在高能炸药中广泛使用。     

微孔诱导法制备高有序多孔氧化铝模板的研究进展

铝的阳极氧化法是一种应用于模板合成领域的重要技术,制得的阳极氧化铝模板能合成纳米线、纳米管等低维纳米材料.近年来,人们为了进一步增强氧化铝模板的有序性,采用了微孔诱导氧化铝模板制备技术.介绍了此类技术中的印模印刷术、聚焦离子柬法及激光全息技术.制得的超高有序度的模板由于孔间距和孔径可调且基本恒定,在强激光的作用下可提高X射线产额,使其在强激光与物质相互作用领域拥有广阔的应用前景.     

肾细胞癌组织Pax-2表达临床意义的初步研究

目的研究Pax-2在各类型肾细胞癌中的表达的差异,探讨它与肾细胞癌的临床诊断及预后的意义。方法运用免疫组织化学SP法检测Pax-2在73例肾细胞癌和19例癌旁正常肾组织中的表达,结合实验数据及相关研究资料,分析其与肾细胞癌病理特征关系。结果 Pax-2在肾细胞癌中总的阳性表达率为73.97%(54/73),透明细胞癌中的阳性表达率为84.85%(28/33),在乳头状细胞癌中的阳性表达率为70.00%(14/20),在嫌色细胞癌中的阳性表达率为60.00%(12/20),正常肾组织中阳性表达率为10.53%(2/19)。肾细胞癌的总阳性表达率明显高于正常肾脏组织,两者差异具有统计学意义(χ2=25.479,P=0.000)。Pax-2在肾细胞癌中的表达与临床分期(χ2=4.852,P=0.026)、病理分级(χ2=5.532,P=0.019)、淋巴结转移(χ2=3.886,P=0.049)有关;而与患者性别(χ2=1.301,P=0.254)、年龄(χ2=0.723,P=0.394)及病理类型(χ2=4.219,P=0.121)无关。结论 pax-2可能为肾细胞癌的诊疗及预后的评估提供了分子水平方面的参考新指标。     

ChIP-Seq-Based Approach in Mouse Enteric Precursor Cells Reveals New Potential Genes with a Role in Enteric Nervous System Development and Hirschsprung Disease

Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a neurocristopathy characterized by intestinal aganglionosis which is attributed to a failure in neural crest cell (NCC) development during the embryonic stage. The colonization of the intestine by NCCs is a process finely controlled by a wide and complex gene regulatory system. Several genes have been associated with HSCR, but many aspects still remain poorly understood. The present study is focused on deciphering the PAX6 interaction network during enteric nervous system (ENS) formation. A combined experimental and computational approach was performed to identify PAX6 direct targets, as well as gene networks shared among such targets as potential susceptibility factors for HSCR. As a result, genes related to PAX6 either directly (RABGGTB and BRD3) or indirectly (TGFB1, HRAS, and GRB2) were identified as putative genes associated with HSCR. Interestingly, GRB2 is involved in the RET/GDNF/GFRA1 signaling pathway, one of the main pathways implicated in the disease. Our findings represent a new contribution to advance in the knowledge of the genetic basis of HSCR. The investigation of the role of these genes could help to elucidate their implication in HSCR onset.     

Less Expression of Prohibitin Is Associated with Increased Paired Box 2 (PAX2) in Renal Interstitial Fibrosis Rats

Prohibitin (PHB) and paired box 2 (PAX2) are associated with the development of renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF). This study was performed to investigate whether or not the PHB could regulate the PAX2 gene expression in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in rats. Eighty Wistar male rats were randomly divided into two groups: sham operation group (SHO) and model group subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (GU), n = 40, respectively. The model was established by left ureteral ligation. Renal tissues were collected at 14-day and 28-day after surgery. RIF index, protein expression of PHB, PAX2, transforming growth factor-βl (TGF-β1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen-IV (Col-IV), fibronectin (FN) or cleaved Caspase-3, and cell apoptosis index in renal interstitium, and mRNA expressions of PHB, PAX2 and TGF-β1 in renal tissue were detected. When compared with those in SHO group, expression of PHB (mRNA and protein) was significantly reduced, and expressions of PAX2 and TGF-β1 (protein and mRNA) were markedly increased in the GU group (each p < 0.01). Protein expressions of α-SMA, Col-IV, FN and cleaved Caspase-3, and RIF index or cell apoptosis index in the GU group were markedly increased when compared with those in the SHO group (each p < 0.01). The protein expression of PHB was negatively correlated with protein expression of PAX2, TGF-β1, α-SMA, Col-IV, FN or cleaved Caspase-3, and RIF index or cell apoptosis index (all p < 0.01). In conclusion, less expression of PHB is associated with increased PAX2 gene expression and RIF index in UUO rats, suggesting that increasing the PHB expression is a potential therapeutic target for prevention of RIF.