Co_3O_4纳米粒子的表面接枝改性研究

以含乙烯基的硅烷偶联剂(A-151)处理Co3O4纳米粒子,在Co3O4粒子表面引入乙烯基,然后以K2S2O8为引发剂,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为乳化剂,采用乳液聚合,在Co3O4粒子表面接枝甲基丙烯酸丁酯,研究了影响Co3O4纳米粒子表面接枝的有关因素,并优化工艺参数。采用红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱等手段对表面接枝进行了表征。结果表明,甲基丙烯酸丁酯已经被成功地接枝到纳米Co3O4粒子的表面。热流传感器的热流灵敏度测试结果表明,Co3O4粒子表面改性后,它与硅树脂的复合涂层提高了热流传感器的热流灵敏度,相对于未处理的Co3O4粒子涂层,传感器灵敏度从0.052 mV.cm2/W提高到了0.065 mV.cm2/W。     

机械合金化制备负载型非晶态Ni－Nb纳米粒子催化材料

用机械合金化法制备了负载型非晶态Ｎｉ－Ｎｂ／ＳｉＯ２纳米粒子，粒径约为１０ｎｍ，硅胶的加入不仅大大加速了金属合金化的过程，而且使金属粒子比较均匀地分散在ＳｉＯ２中。这种材料比之单纯的纳米粒子更适合于作为催化剂。     

Synthesis and electrochemical characteristics of Al2O3-coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials for lithium ion batteries

LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ cathode materials have been coated with Al₂O₃ nano-particles using sol-gel processing to improve its electrochemical properties. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the as-prepared Al₂O₃ nano-particles was indexed to the cubic structure of the γ-Al₂O₃ phase and had an average size of ∼4 nm. The XRD showed that the structure of LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ was not affected by the Al₂O₃ coating. However, the Al₂O₃ coatings on LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ improved the cyclic life performance and rate capability without decreasing its initial discharge capacity. These electrochemical properties were also compared with those of LiAlO₂-coated LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ cathode material. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was studied to understand the enhanced electrochemical properties of the Al₂O₃-coated LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ compared to uncoated LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂.     

水解-水热法低温制备金红石型TiO2纳米颗粒研究

以硫酸钛为原料,通过水解-水热反应,在较低温度下制备出金红石型TiO2纳米颗粒.利用XRD和TEM研究了其结晶度、晶型和粒度情况和水热反应温度、保温时间、升温速度以及前驱物的pH值之间的关系,比较了常规条件和水热条件下反应产物的状况,并探讨了水热条件下晶相转化机理,以及控制晶相的关键因素。     

复合镀中纳米粉体分散的研究

分析了纳米粉体团聚的原因,着重介绍了分散方法,指出纳米粉体的分散最好是结合物理法和化学法,尤其是要合理选择分散剂,同时对纳米粉体分散优化提出了建议,以提高分散后粒子的稳定性。     

PP/弹性体/无机纳米粒子复合材料的研究进展

概述了目前PP 弹性体 无机纳米粒子三元复合体系的研究进展情况,包括:基体树脂的选择与改性、弹性体尤其是新型聚烯烃弹性体(POE)的应用、无机纳米粒子对复合体系的影响、增韧增强机理的研究等。     

石墨-水纳米流体对流换热特性的实验研究

使用自行设计的测量纳米流体流动与对流换热性能的实验装置,测量了含有不同体积分数纳米石墨的石墨-水纳米流体雷诺数在3 000~6 500范围内的对流换热系数。实验结果表明:石墨纳米颗粒的加入提高了水的对流换热系数;石墨纳米颗粒在水中的体积分数与对流换热系数近似呈线性关系;努塞尔数Nu随着雷诺数的增大近似线性增大;流动状态下的纳米粒子本身的无规则运动和热散射对对流换热系数的提高有显著影响。     

纳米颗粒对镍刷镀层组织及性能的影响

应用纳米复合电刷镀技术制备了纳米氧化铝/镍复合镀层,采用透射电镜、XPS等现代分析技术和性能评价手段研究了纳米颗粒对镍刷镀层组织和性能的影响.结果表明:纳米颗粒在复合刷镀层中弥散分布、粒度均匀,与基质镍金属以化学键结合;纳米颗粒增加了基质金属的成核率,细化了镀层组织,显著提高了刷镀层的硬度和耐磨性.与镍金属刷镀层相比,复合刷镀层硬度和耐磨性分别提高0.5倍和1.5倍以上.复合刷镀层的组织特征合理地解释了纳米颗粒对其性能影响的机理.     

Deformation and failure mechanism of nano-composite coatings under nano-indentation

Two nano-composite coatings based on nc-TiC particles in an a-C:H matrix are deposited via closed-field unbalanced reactive magnetron sputtering. The compositions of the coatings are varied by changing the acetylene gas flow during the depositions. A Cr/Cr–Ti/Ti–TiC graded interlayer is introduced between substrate and coating. Electron probe micro-analyses (EPMA) show that the Ti content of the coatings varies between 31.7 and 11.5 at.%. The coatings exhibit a hardness (H) of 20.0 and 15.7 GPa, and a Young's modulus (E) of 229.4 and 136.6 GPa, respectively, as measured through nano-indentations. Cube corner indentations are performed to probe the fracture toughness of the coatings through the determination of critical indentation loads (L_r) at which radial cracks start to propagate. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations and energy-filtered TEM are employed to characterize the coatings nanostructures. The variation in Ti content is accompanied by a variation in TiC particle size and volumetric fraction, as well as a change in the columnar structure of the coatings. A focus ion beam (FIB) slicing technique is employed to prepare samples from nano-indented locations of coated Silicon and stainless steel (SS) substrates. TEM inspection of the FIB sliced samples determines that the most brittle phase in the coating is the C-enriched columnar boundary, and identifies the location of failure within the interlayer. As a consequence of the different nanostructure, the coatings exhibit different elastic recovery properties and toughness.     

强磁场对锰锌铁氧体前驱体纳米颗粒形貌的影响

在共沉淀制备非铁磁性锰锌铁氧体前驱体纳米颗粒的过程中,分别施加零磁场、弱磁场(0.1～0.7 T)和强磁场(10 T),探讨磁场对非铁磁性锰锌铁氧体前驱体纳米颗粒形貌的影响规律.结果表明,当磁感应强度超过某一临界值时,非铁磁性纳米颗粒由球形颗粒向链状颗粒,然后向棒状或者纤维状颗粒转变.在10 T的强磁场下,纳米颗粒长成长径比很大的纤维状,能谱分析结果表明,纤维状颗粒主要为复合铁氧体,而非单一的沉淀产物.随着反应温度增加、溶液滴加时间延长将使纤维直径降低.