基于孪生支持向量回归机的转炉炼钢终点预测

为了提高转炉炼钢的终点命中率，建立了一种新的转炉终点预测模型，实现了对转炉终点碳质量分数和温度的准确预测。模型采用K最近邻孪生支持向量机(KNNWTSVR)算法，将权重矩阵引入到目标函数中，并利用鲸群优化算法进行求解，提高了传统算法的性能；然后基于某炼钢厂260 t转炉的实际生产数据，建立了转炉炼钢终点预测模型。结果表明，预测模型的终点碳质量分数(误差±0.005%)和温度(误差±15 ℃)的终点单命中率分别为94%和88%，双命中率达到84%。与其他两种现有的建模方法相比，本模型取得了最优的预测效果。该方法满足转炉炼钢实际生产的需求，也可适用于钢铁冶金其他领域的数学建模。     

基于“炉机对应”原则的连浇优化方案

国内某炼钢厂为保证浇注周期较短的2号连铸机连浇，多座转炉需同时向该连铸机供应钢水，导致炉 机对应关系不明确，生产组织难度较大。通过对该厂炼钢 连铸过程的工序作业周期与生产运行模式进行解析，在保证连铸机连浇的基础上，探究合理的炉 机对应关系，改善该厂的生产顺行。结果表明，在“一一对应”运行模式下，2号连铸机最大连浇炉数仅为6炉；而在“定炉对定机”运行模式下，若适时接受3号转炉冶炼的钢水，2号连铸机最大连浇炉数可延长至19炉。在此基础上，通过对连铸机“柔性”的优化和钢水供应的合理调配，2号连铸机可满足实际生产的连浇要求。此外，运用“炉→机”匹配度进行评价，计算结果表明优化后的炉 机对应关系得到显著改善。     

电炉炼钢与针状焦发展现状及市场分析

介绍了国内外电炉炼钢的发展和现状,阐述了我国石墨电极的发展现状和针状焦研发过程,并分析了针状焦国际和国内市场的基本情况及总体趋势,应加强对国产针状焦生产工艺和技术的研究,不断提高针状焦质量,加大油系针状焦投资。     

150t顶底复吹转炉底枪改造对其冶金特性的影响

本文采用现场生产数据统计和数值模拟计算相结合的方法对150 t顶底复合吹炼转炉底枪改造前后的冶金特性进行分析,结果表明,改造后的底枪对熔池内钢液的搅拌力增强,显著改善了炉内的冶金动力学条件,加快了熔池内传质及化学反应速率,冶炼过程更接近于平衡态,各项经济技术指标良好,冶金性能优越。     

提高管线钢洁净度的工艺技术研究

利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜等对管线钢夹杂物的成分、形态及成因进行了分析,对管线钢不同生产工艺路线对钢质洁净度的影响进行了研究。结果表明,采用转炉-RH-LF-钙处理-连铸工艺,将钙处理后的钢水弱吹氩时间从3~5 min提升至8~10 min,D类夹杂由1.0级提高至0.5级,Ds类夹杂由1.0级提高至0级和0.5级;采用转炉-LF-RH-钙处理-连铸工艺,可以实现A、B、C类夹杂0级、D类夹杂1.0级、Ds类夹杂多数0级、少量0.5级的效果。     

Research and development of blasting abrasive made of steelmaking slag

This study focuses on the development of a new type of nonmetallic steelmaking slag abrasive.The performance,processing,and application of steelmaking slag as a nonmetallic abrasive are introduced.The chemical composition,hardness,crushing value,and particle gradation of steelmaking slag are analyzed.A processing method for steelmaking slag as a blasting abrasive is suggested and evaluated.Compared with conventional abrasives such as copper ore sand and cast iron shot,processed steelmaking slag exhibits similar performance and can satisfy abrasive technical requirements.The derusting effect provided by steelmaking slag for a ship deck can reach the Sa2.0 level,and its recyclability is higher than that of copper ore sand.The derusting performance of steelmaking slag is similar to that of copper ore,and it can thus be used in repairing ship decks.     

Research Progress of Numerical Simulation in Steelmaking and Continuous Casting ProcessesEI北大核心CSCD

Because of the complexity of steelmaking and continuous casting processes and their limitation condition for direct measuring and testing, numerical simulation has become an indispensable means to analyze the phenomena and mechanisms occurring in the processes, and since the 1980s, it has made a rapid development. For the converter smelting, some new oxygen lances were designed by using the simulation study of the characteristics of the oxygen lance supersonic jet. Some mathematical models have been established to describe the slag-metal-gas multiphase flow behavior in steelmaking converter, and the flow field, mixing efficiency, metal droplet splashing, lining scouring and other physical phenomena. For the ladle refining, the Euler-Euler model gradually replaces the quasi-unidirectional and Euler-Lagrangian models, and successfully describes the phenomena of bubble turbulent dispersion caused by liquid turbulent fluctuation, and bubble-induced turbulence occurring during bubble floating process. So, some new and important inclusion transport mechanisms and phenomena have been presented. The CFD-PBM model was used to predict successfully the inclusion transport, collision growth and removal behavior in the molten steel, which enriches the inclusions removal theory of ladle refining. The CFD-SRM coupled model was used to accurately describe the slag-metal reaction and desulfurization behavior in a gas-stirred ladle, and the effect of the different content of compositions in synthetic slag and liquid steel, arrangement of bottom blowing tuyeres on the slag-metal reactions and desulfurization efficiency were discussed and clarified. For steel continuous casting, as the heat flow model from the solidified shell to the copper plate of mold was coupled with the thermo/mechanical model of the solidified shell, distributions of mold flux and air gap both along circumference and height directions of the mold were successfully predicted, while founded theoretical backgrounds for designing new mold with inner convex surface and controlling the surface corner crack of micro-alloyed steel. The coupled simulation between flow and electromagnetic fields in mold revealed the flow behavior of molten steel with electromagnetic stirring or braking, the fluctuation characteristic of the slag-steel interface and the distribution characteristic of inclusions in the strand. Based on the volume averaged method, multi-field and multi-phase solidification model successfully clarified the formation mechanism of macro-segregation in continuously cast strand and quantitatively predicted central/centerline segregation indexes in the strand under different casting conditions. In addition, the numerical simulation of the evolution of solidification structure of the continuously cast strand mainly focused on the as-cast grain, and its extension to the dendrite structure needed further more endeavors. Generally speaking, the numerical simulation in steelmaking-continuous casting process is moving towards coupling multi-physical/chemistry phenomena and multi-fields and gradually transits to the microscopic scale.