Hierarchical sampling optimization of particle filter for global robot localization in pervasive network environment

This paper presents a hierarchical framework for managing the sampling distribution of a particle filter (PF) that estimates the global positions of mobile robots in a large‐scale area. The key concept is to gradually improve the accuracy of the global localization by fusing sensor information with different characteristics. The sensor observations are the received signal strength indications (RSSIs) of Wi‐Fi devices as network facilities and the range of a laser scanner. First, the RSSI data used for determining certain global areas within which the robot is located are represented as RSSI bins. In addition, the results of the RSSI bins contain the uncertainty of localization, which is utilized for calculating the optimal sampling size of the PF to cover the regions of the RSSI bins. The range data are then used to estimate the precise position of the robot in the regions of the RSSI bins using the core process of the PF. The experimental results demonstrate superior performance compared with other approaches in terms of the success rate of the global localization and the amount of computation for managing the optimal sampling size.     

基于ZigBee的室内无线定位系统的设计

为了使监控中心对AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle)的运行进行更精确的定位监控,设计了一种基于ZigBee的室内无线定位系统。首先完成了无线定位系统的硬件设计。然后考虑功耗成本精确度等方面,文章采用基于RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indication,接收的信号强度指示)的三边定位算法实现定位。同时为了更好的提高定位的精确度,采取了差分修正算法。最后进行了测试。测试结果表明,本设计可以实现监控中心对AGV的实时定位,并且系统的功耗较小成本较低精度也较高。     

基于RSSI的改进质心定位算法

为提高无线传感器网络三角形质心定位算法的精度,提出一种基于RSSI的改进质心定位算法.首先,分析传统基于RSSI的三角形质心定位模型,发现单个锚节点测距误差较大会导致盲节点的定位精度受到影响,因此采用4点进行定位来降低单个锚节点权重;其次,改进的质心定位算法选择根轴相交组成的区域作为定位参考区域,将该区域的质心位置作为待测盲节点位置;最后,采用仿真实验对比算法的精确度和稳定性,实验结果表明,相比于传统算法,改进算法定位精度更高,而且定位误差波动更小.     

基于PDR和RSSI的室内定位算法研究

构建了基于无线传感网络的行人航迹推算(PDR)系统,通过RSSI定位为其提供绝对定位信息。在RSSI定位中,提出基于PDR方位信息的自适应Flip-Flop RSSI信息预处理机制和RSSI指纹信息融合动态路径衰减指数的定位算法,以改善RSSI定位算法的抗噪声干扰能力。在多信息融合粒子滤波环节中,针对传统算法中滤波精度与滤波实时性很难同时得到改善的问题,提出基于PDR信息与RSSI定位信息的动态区间粒子滤波算法,通过PDR方位信息自适应控制区间衍生粒子数量以提高滤波实时性,并将建筑地图信息、RSSI定位信息及其可信度因子融入粒子权值计算中以提高定位精度。经实验验证,提出的算法在RSSI定位抗噪声能力方面,以及融合定位精度和滤波实时性方面都取得了良好的效果,与传统算法相比最大定位误差由3.16 m降低到1.81 m,滤波时间也由7.21 s降至7.01 s。     

采用RSSI提高无线传感网络定位精度的算法

为了提高无线传感网络中节点的定位精度,同时又希望降低节点的定位开销,提出接收信号强度(RSSI)定位算法。以RSSI和三边定位原理为基础,详细阐述了该算法的定位思想,以伪代码的形式描述未知节点定位的实现过程。从存储、计算和通信开销3个方面与ALA方案做了定性分析,针对不同的冗余系数、不同的定位轮数和不同的信标数量进行了仿真,与ALA方案做了定量分析。分析结果表明,该算法达到了提高无线传感网络定位精度的目的。     

基于RSSI测距补偿室内定位技术

针对传统RSSI室内测距技术易受环境因素影响问题,提出测距补偿算法,利用算法补偿环境因素造成的测距误差,并利用均值平滑法来处理同一点接收到的多个RSSI值,以减小RSSI值的测量波动。通过相关的仿真与实地测试,验证了测距补偿算法在测距精度上有所提高。     

Optimization of an RFID location identification scheme based on the neural network

An indoor localization technology is increasingly critical as location‐aware applications evolve. Researchers have proposed several indoor localization technologies. Because most of the proposed indoor localization technologies simply involve using the received signal strength indicator value of radio‐frequency identification (RFID) for indoor localization, radio‐frequency interference, and environmental factors often limit the accuracy of localization results. Therefore, this study proposes an accurate RFID localization based on the neural network (ARL‐N²), a passive RFID indoor localization scheme for identifying tag positions in a room, combining a location identification based on dynamic active RFID calibration algorithm with a backpropagation neural network (BPN). The proposed scheme composed of two phases: in the training phase, an appropriate BPN architecture is constructed using the training data derived from the coordinates of reference tags and the coordinates obtained using the localization algorithm. By contrast, the online phase involves calculating the tracking tag coordinates and using these values as BPN inputs, thereby enhancing the estimated location. A performance evaluation of the ARL‐N² schemes confirms its high localization accuracy. The proposed method can be used to locate critical objects in difficult‐to‐find areas by creating minimal errors and applying and economical technique. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于修正 RSSI 值的四边形加权质心定位算法

在利用接收信号强度指示(RSSI)对无线传感器网络中的未知节点进行定位时,RSSI 值易受环境的影响导致定位误差, 为此提出基于 RSSI 测距修正的四边形加权质心定位算法(QWCRC)。 先对来自同一锚节点的多个 RSSI 值进行卡尔曼滤波,得 到修正的 RSSI 值,致使测距尽可能的接近真实距离;再采用四边形加权定位对未知节点进行定位,同时利用最小二乘法进行辅 助定位,此算法对于相邻锚节点圆不相交的情况给出新的解决方案。 实验结果对比表明,改进的算法相比较于四边形加权质心 算法(QWC)和 RSSI 测距修正的三角形加权算法(TWCRC),在锚节点数目 5×5 和噪声强度为 0 dbm 时,定位精度可分别提升 87. 14%和 35. 51%。     

Environmental-adaptive indoor radio path loss model for wireless sensor networks localization

In the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) based indoor wireless sensor networks localization system, RSSI measurements are very susceptible to multipath fading, anisotropy of antenna, low supply voltage of node and so on, which will cause the system failure to achieve a high location accuracy. This paper presents an environmental-adaptive path loss model. In the process of localization, the calibrated coefficient LSV of low supply voltage, which can be determined by monitoring the supply voltage of the sender, is used to calibrate ranging errors caused by its low supply voltage. The blind node utilizes the absolute value of RSSI to generate the phase of the corresponding receiver's location so as to determine the correction coefficient of indoor multipath fading R_i. Furthermore, in order to improve the accuracy of RSSI measurements, we also take full consideration of the effect of antenna to accurately determine the corresponding path loss model of the two communication nodes. The proposed path loss model is suitable for the majority of wireless location systems that are on the basis of RSSI-based ranging techniques. Experiment results show that the estimation accuracy and adaptability of the proposed path loss model are significantly higher than that of the traditional one.     

基于ZigBee的抢险救灾无线传感器网络

根据抢险救灾工作的实际需要,着重研究了1种基于ZigBee无线传网络技术的抢险救灾无线传感器网络装置的设计,完成了无限传感网络中基站和节点的设计.编写了该网络系统的上位机和下位机软件,实现了各个节点间的无线通信和每个节点的中继功能.并利用实验检验了该装置在不同通信距离内的通信丢包率、RSSI值,通信效果良好.室外城市通...