4种豆类植物种子油脂的提取与分析

以常见的4种豆子为原料,粉碎后采用超声波辅助提取刀豆、花豆、大豆、红豆中的油脂,测定4种豆类植物种子中油脂的得率、理化性质、成分与含量。结果表明:除大豆外,其他3种豆类得油率较低,但是4种豆油在理化性质上都具有较好品质,符合食用植物油标准;在油脂成分上,4种豆油不饱和脂肪酸总量均较高,刀豆油中不饱和脂肪酸总量达到了91.43%,但4种豆油中大豆油含量最高的成分是亚油酸,而其他3种豆油含量最高的成分却是油酸,刀豆油中棕榈油酸含量相当高,达到16.2%,且亚麻酸含量也较高。

Extraction and Analysis of Oil from Four Kinds of Legume Seeds

Oil from sword bean,flower bean,soybean and red bean was extracted with the ultrasonic-assisted extraction after 4 kinds of common legume seeds were crushed. The yield,physical and chemical properties,composition and content of oil from 4 kinds of common legume seeds were determined. The results showed that the yield of oil from other 3 kinds of legume seeds except soybean was lower,but the 4 kinds of legume seeds oil had better quality in physical and chemical properties and met the standard of edible vegetable oil. On the composition of oil,unsaturated fatty acids of 4 kinds of legume seeds oil were higher and the total amount of unsaturated fatty acids of sword bean oil was 91.43 %. Among the four kinds of legume seeds oil,the highest content component of soybean oil was linoleic acid,but the highest content component of other 3 kinds of legume seeds oil was oleic acid. The content of palmitoleic acid in sword bean oil was quite high,reached 16.2 %,and the content of linolenic acid was also higher.