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天然气项目从投入到产出的整个过程都会对外部产生巨大的经济效应和可观的社会环境效应，天然气波及效应的分析是对天然气项目内部评价的延伸和拓展。因此，对天然气项目进行考察时，除了传统意义上的内部财务评价外，还需分析其外部的波及效应，包括投入波及的经济效应，产出波及的经济效应和社会环境效应。文章以鄂尔多斯盆地天然气开发利用项目为例，论述了该天然气项目的产出对8大省市市场前景的经济波及效应，考察了该项目的投入对各输气管线在建和运作的波及效应，测算了该项目的产出对8省市利用天然气替代煤和燃料油的环境和社会波及效应。

ANALYSIS AND EXAMPLE OF SPREADING AFFECT OF NATURAL GAS PROJECTS 1)

A natural gas project, from beginning to end, spreads huge economic affect to the outside. Analyzing the spreading affect is a expansion of the inside evaluation of the gas project. So, besides the traditional interior financing evaluation, it is necessary to study the outside spreading affect, including the economic affect spread by the input, and the economic affect and the social and environmental affect spread by the output when studying gas projects. Taking the gas project of Ordos basin as example, the article describes the economic spreading affect of the output of the gas project for the market prospect of 8 provinces and municipalities, studies the spreading affect of input of the gas project for construction and operation of gas-transmitting pipelines, and forecasts the environmental and social spreading affect of the output of the gas project for the provinces and municipalities to use gas taking the place of coal and oil.