常压渣油热反应过程中胶体的稳定性

利用质量分数电导率方法研究了中东和克拉玛依常压渣油在热反应过程中胶体的稳定性。结果表明，随着反应时间的增长，在热反应生焦诱导期内，渣油的胶体稳定性迅速下降；开始生焦后，胶体稳定性缓慢下降。从中东常压渣油的SARA四组分的数均相对分子质量、碳氢元素组成、平均芳碳率等方面探讨了中东常压渣油在热反应过程中胶体稳定性下降的原因。结果表明，在热反应中，由于裂解和缩聚反应的共同作用，使渣油的沥青质和饱和分含量上升，芳香分含量下降，胶质含量变化不大；随着热反应的进行，四组分的数均相对分子质量均呈下降趋势，导致了渣油胶体稳定性的下降并发生生焦反应。

COLLOID STABILITY OF ATMOSPHERIC RESIDUAL OIL DURING THERMAL REACTION

Colloid stability of Middle East and Kalamayi atmospheric residues (AR) during thermal reaction was studied by mass fraction normalized conductivity method. It was found that colloid stability of AR was worsened seriously during thermal reaction until coke formation of the system occurred, and then the deterioration slowed down. The SARA compositions, their mean relative molecular mass, the ratio of hydrogen to carbon (elemental) and average aromatic carbon content were measured separately. As the result of thermal pyrolysis and condensation, the contents of asphaltene and saturates increased, the aromatic content decreased, and the resin content only changed a little. Moreover, the mean relative molecular mass of SARA compositions decreased. Thermal pyrolysis and condensation jointly caused the deterioration of colloid stability and coke formation of residual oil system.