壳聚糖及其衍生物用于降血糖的最新研究进展

壳聚糖是甲壳质的脱乙酰基产物,分子中含有多个氨基和羟基等活性基团,经化学修饰得到的衍生物具有诸多新的性能。壳聚糖及其衍生物不但本身具有降血糖的生物活性,而且可以作为胰岛素基因载体制成治疗胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的生物药物,也可用于制备胰岛素口服制剂,如壳聚糖胰岛素脂质体、壳聚糖胰岛素纳米粒、壳聚糖胰岛素微球、微囊等,从而延长胰岛素药物的作用时间,达到缓释控释的目的。壳聚糖还可用于胰岛素直肠粘膜、鼻腔粘膜、舌下粘膜吸收的促进剂,改变胰岛素的吸收途径,有效防止了胰岛素在胃肠道的降解。

Research progress in chitosan and its derivatives used to lower blood sugar

Chitosan is obtained by deacetylation of chitin and possesses potentially reactive hydroxy and amino functional groups. Its derivatives,produced by chemical modification,own a lot of new properties. Chitosan and its derivatives not only have their own hypoglycemic biological activity,but also can be used as gene vector and made into biological medicine to care insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,and for the oral preparations,such as chitosan-coated insulin liposomes,nanometer grains,microspheres,so as to pr...