烟梗有机肥发酵过程中酶活性的变化

为了进一步揭示生物发酵机理,并为发酵有机肥腐熟标准体系的建立提供理论参考依据,以烟梗为原料进行了高温好氧堆肥试验,对发酵过程中物料的温度以及主要水解酶和氧化还原酶活性进行了测定。结果表明,烟梗有机肥发酵过程中,主要水解酶类和氧化还原酶类的活性均呈现出前期逐渐上升,后期趋于平稳或下降的变化趋势。添加发酵菌剂的烟梗堆料中水解酶类和氧化还原酶类的活性在发酵中期普遍较高,且出现峰值时间普遍较早,发酵结束时加菌剂处理和对照水解酶类酶活性相差不大,而氧化还原酶类活性相差较大。酶活性的提高促进了发酵代谢活性,提高了堆料发酵温度,加速了堆肥的腐熟。烟梗发酵有机肥后期果胶酶和碱性磷酸酶活性较为稳定,可作为烟梗有机肥腐熟的参考指标。

Enzyme Activity Change during Fermentation Using Tobacco Stalk as Compost

In order to reveal the mechanism of biological fermentation further and provide theoretical references for the establishment of the standard system of organic compost maturity,a high temperature and aerobic composting experiment was conducted by using tobacco stalk as raw materials.The temperature of materials and the activities of main hydrolases and oxidases during fermentation were measured.The results showed that the activities of main hydrolases and oxidases increased gradually during pre-fermentation,but became stable or decreased thereafter.In treatment with microbial agents added,the activities of hydrolases and oxidases were generally higher in the medium of the fermentation and the peak time appeared earlier.But the activities of hydrolases showed little difference while the activities of oxidase were much different in the end of the fermentation.The increase in activity of enzymes promoted the metabolic activity of the fermentation,increased the temperature of the pill and speed up the maturity of compost.The activities of pectinases and alkaline phosphatases were more stable in the late period of the fermentation,which could be used as index of compost maturity.