浑河沈抚段水体污染季节性变化研究

为明确浑河沈抚段水污染特征,提升水环境治理有效性,2015年3月—2016年2月对浑河沈抚段进行水环境调查。根据丰、平、枯3个水期的pH值、电导率、COD、NH_3-N、BOD及COD_(Mn)等水质指标,运用改进的综合水质标识指数法识别出主要污染因子,并分析浑河沈抚段水质污染时空变化特征。结果表明,研究区域的pH值在一个水文年变化范围为6.42~8.06,较适宜水生生物生长;水体在枯水期的电导率最高,丰水期最低。浑河沈抚段水体受沿岸工业废水和生活污水的点源污染影响,流域枯水期和平水期各监测断面的综合水质均未达标;从上游到下游4项水质指标的综合水质指数增大,污染逐渐加重,主要污染指标为COD和NH_3-N。

Study of seasonal variation of water pollution of Shenfu section of Hunhe River

In order to determine water pollution characteristics of the Shenfu section of the Hunhe River and improve the effectiveness of water environmental treatment, a water environmental investigation was conducted from March 2015 to February 2016. The survey data included pH, conductivity, COD, NH₃-N, BOD, and COD_Mn in the wet, normal, and dry seasons, and the improved comprehensive water quality identification index method was used to identify the main pollution factors and analyze the characteristics of temporal and spatial variations of water pollution in the Shenfu section of the Hunhe River. The results show that the pH value ranged from 6. 42 to 7. 92 within a hydrological year, which is suitable for the growth of aquatic organisms. The conductivity was highest in the dry season and lowest in the wet season. Affected by point source pollution from industrial wastewater and domestic sewage, the comprehensive water quality of the monitoring sections in the study area in the dry and normal seasons did not reach the standards. The overall water quality index of four water quality indices from upstream to downstream was increased, and pollution was gradually aggravated. The main pollution indices were COD and NH₃-N.