0.3T Ku波段返波管的低磁场特性研究

为了实现相对论返波管振荡器（RBWO）永磁包装，本文采用Magic模拟软件在0.5T低磁场相对论返波管（RBWO）器件结构基础上，通过在器件慢波结构末端添加一个部分反射腔，减小电子束质量对束波转换影响，即减小引导磁场的影响，实现了Ku波段相对论返波管振荡器0.3T磁场下运行.当电子束束压600kV、电子束束流7kA时，模拟得到器件输出微波功率740MW，效率18%.尽管该器件的效率低于0.5T磁场下的效率（25%），然而0.3T引导磁场在工程上更容易实现.结合小型化的脉冲功率源进行实验研究，当二极管束压580kV、束流6.5kA，实验获得功率600MW，频率13.10GHz，脉宽25ns的微波输出，该器件的研制可以促进高功率微波（HPM）系统小型化的发展.

Study of a Ku-Band Backward Wave Oscillator Characteristics with Low Magnetic Field of 0.3T

In order to realize the relativistic backward wave oscillator(RBWO)permanent magnet packaging,simula-tion software Magic is used and based on the structure of the relativistic backward wave oscillator(RBWO)with low mag-netic field of 0.5 T,through adding a partially reflecting cavity at the end of the device’s slow wave structure to reduce the effect of the quality of electron beam on the beam-wave conversion,that is,to reduce the effect of guiding magnetic field,so this paper realized the Ku band relativistic backward wave oscillator normal operation at 0.3T.When the electron beam is 600kV and the beam current is 7kA,the output microwave power of 740MW and the efficiency of 18% are obtained in the simulation software Magic.Although the efficiency of the RBWO at 0.3T is lower than that at 0.5T(25%),guiding mag-netic field of 0.3T is easier to realize in engineering.Experiment on the miniaturization of pulse power source,when the di-ode is 580kV and the beam is 6.5kA,achieves output power of 600MW and the frequency of 13.10 GHz with the corre-sponding pulse width of 25 ns.