矿浆温度对方铅矿浮选效果的影响及机理研究

以丁基黄药（NaBX）为捕收剂，甲基异丁基甲醇（MIBC）为起泡剂，通过单矿物浮选试验，研究了矿浆温度变化对方铅矿浮选效果的影响，同时通过红外光谱（FTIR）、Zeta电位、捕收剂吸附量、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、矿浆黏度等测试分析并结合浮选动力学研究，探究了矿浆温度变化对方铅矿浮选效果的影响机理。结果表明:矿浆温度变化会显著影响方铅矿浮选效果，低温（5℃）下的回收率较常温（20℃）下的降低约7个百分点；NaBX在方铅矿表面的吸附产物为丁基黄原酸铅，矿浆温度变化不改变其在方铅矿表面的化学吸附特性，但矿浆温度降低会减弱方铅矿表面的氧化程度，减少表面活性吸附点，使NaBX在方铅矿表面的吸附量减小从而降低浮选效果；低温下矿浆黏度增大，使气泡上升速度及气泡与矿粒碰撞速率降低，这在一定程度上会降低浮选效果；浮选动力学表明:低温（5℃）下的最大回收率和浮选速率常数小于常温（20℃）下的。 

Study on the Effect and Mechanism of Pulp Temperature on Galena Flotation

The effct of pulp temperature change on galena flotation was studied though the single mineral flotation test with butyl xanthate (NaBX) as the collector and 4-Methyl-2-pentanol (MIBC) as the frother. Meanwhile, the effect mechanisms of pulp temperature change on recovery were investigated by infrared spectrum, Zeta potential, the collectors adsorption amount, XPS, the pulp viscosity and combined with flotation dynamics. The results indicated that pulp temperature had a significant influence on the recovery of galena flotation, and the recovery at 5 ℃ decreased by 7 percentage points compared with that at 20 ℃. The adsorption product of NaBX on the galena surface was lead butyl xanthate, and the temperature change had little effect the adsorption characteristics of NaBX on the galena surface, but the decrease of pulp temperature could weaken the oxidation degree of galena surface, reduce the amount of both the active adsorption seats and the adsorption of NaBX on the galena surface, thus the flotation effect was inhibited. When the pulp viscosity increased at low temperature, the rising speed of bubbles and the collision rate between bubbles and ore particles decreased, which could reduce the flotation effect to a certain extent. Flotation dynamics showed that the maximum recovery and flotation rate constant at low temperature (5 ℃) were lower than that at normal temperature (20 ℃).