数字流域模型关键技术研究

数字流域模型定位于大范围、全流域级的水文过程模拟，是一个具有多层空间分辨率的、模型参数可以容易获取的、能够实现并行计算的全流域级整体模型。数字流域模型的建立需要解决5项关键技术问题，即大流域DEM数据存取技术、流域沟道参数提取技术、基于遥感图像的模型参数提取技术、分布式降雨量数据存取技术、计算机集群并行计算技术。在黄河数字流域模型的建设实践中，提出了5项关键技术问题的解决方法：用分块技术解决大流域DEM数据的存取问题，用TOPAZ模块提取流域沟道参数，用遥感图像提取模型分布式参数，用雨量站插值技术存取面雨量序列，用计算机并行计算技术打破大流域整体模型的计算瓶颈。

Study on Key Technology of Digital River Basin Model

Digital river basin model is an integrated model of multi-layer spatial resolution, easily obtained model parameters and doing calculations and simulating the hydrograph of a large area or the whole river basin. The establishment of digital river basin model needs to solve 5 key technical issues, i.e. DEM data storage and extraction technology of a large basin, extraction technology of gully parameters of the basin, extraction technology of remote sensing image-based model parameters, storage and extraction technology of distributed rainfall data and integrated and concurrent calculation technology of computers. During the practice of establishing digital Yellow River basin model, it puts forward the following solutions for solving the 5 key technical issues: to solve the issue of DEM data storage and extraction of a large basin by partition technique, to extract gully parameters by TOPAZ module, to extract model distributional parameters by utilizing remote sensing images, to store and extract areal rainfall sequence by interpolation technology of a rainfall station and to break through the bottleneck of calculation of integrated model for a large basin.