软土微结构特征的试验研究

土的结构性对土的力学性质具有较大影响，所以近年来，土的结构性研究已引起广泛的重视。其中微结构研究能有效地揭露土的受力变形本质，对研究土的力学行为机制起着至关重要的作用。本文在对杭州海积软土进行的单向压缩试验、直剪试验及三轴固结不排水剪切试验的基础上，测得软土在不同压力或变形条件下的微结构参数，分析了其变化规律。研究表明，在这3种不同试验方法下，软土中结构单元体和孔隙的微结构参数对压力或变形的敏感度是不一样的。因此建议针对不同的试验方法，采用不同的研究对象(结构单元体或孔隙)来进行软土微结构特征的描述，这样能更好的从微结构角度反映土的宏观力学特性，建立微结构参数与宏观力学参数间的关系。

Experimental study on micro-structural characteristics of soft soil

The micro-structural parameters of soft clays in Hangzhou coastal area under different conditions of pressure and deformation are obtained by means of uniaxial compression test, direct shear test and undrained triaxial consolidated shear test respectively. The results show that the sensitiveness of structural unit and micro-structural parameters of pore to pressure and deformation is not always the same. So that the subject to be investigated (structural unit body or pore) for describing the characteristics of soft clay must be carefully selected. The study on appropriate subject can better reflect the macro mechanical characteristics of soft clay from the view point of micro-structure and correctly establish the relationships between micro-structure parameters and macro-mechanical parameters.