变化环境下流域水-碳平衡演化研究综述

流域水量平衡与碳平衡通过植物光合作用与蒸散发过程紧密相联。在全球环境变化的背景下,研究流域水-碳平衡的耦合关系与对变化环境的响应规律对于发展生态水文科学具有重要科学意义,也可为区域水安全保障、生态系统服务功能评价、气候变化适应性对策制定等提供科学支撑。本文从水循环与碳循环要素的监测、水-碳耦合关系的量化和模拟、变化环境对水-碳平衡的干扰、流域尺度上水-碳平衡演化规律识别与归因等方面对相关研究进展进行综述,探讨当前的研究热点、面临的问题与挑战、以及未来的发展趋势。

A review of research on watershed water-carbon balance evolution in a changing environment

Watershed water balance and carbon balance are intrinsically connected through the processes of photosynthesis and evapotranspiration. Studying the coupling of water and water cycles and its response to the changing environment is vital for understanding the watershed-level eco-hydrology processes in the background of global change. The findings can provide useful information and tools for evaluating ecosystem services, managing water and land resources, and making adaptation plans at various scales. This paper synthesizes current literature to illustrate the developments, challenges, and prospects for research on watershed water-carbon response to the changing environment. We specifically focus on reviewing four aspects of the topic, including:(1) monitoring of key water-carbon cycle components;(2) coupling mechanism and modeling of water-carbon balance;(3) disturbance of changing environment on water-carbon balance, and (4) attribution analysis of variations in water-carbon balance.