横断山区水电开发对鱼类资源多维影响及其保护措施研究进展

横断山区水系发达,河流众多,岭谷高差悬殊,复杂的地质环境造就了鱼类物种的多样性,同时丰富的水能资源形成了目前我国最大的水电能源基地。近年来,梯级电站密集建设改变了该区域水流、水温、水质、水域空间等多方面生态水文条件,对当地鱼类种群资源造成深远影响。本文基于横断山区水电开发及鱼类资源的现状,系统归纳了水电开发引起的生态水文要素变化和鱼类栖息过程受到胁迫的内在关系,回顾了国内外研究者在鱼类资源保护各个角度上提出的研究方法和应对措施,并提出了下一阶段研究的重点和具体方向。研究可为梯级水电开发下的鱼类资源保护提供理论支撑。

A research of the impacts of hydropower development on the survival and reproduction of fish and related conservation in the Hengduan Mountains

The water systems of Hengduan Mountains are well-developed. There are many rivers, and the height difference between the valleys is wide. Based on the complex geological environment, this area has created the diversity of fish species. At the same time,the abundant hydropower resources have formed the largest hydropower energy base in China. In recent years,the intensive construction of cascade hydropower stations has changed the ecological and hydrological conditions in this area,such as water flow,water temperature, water quality and water space, which has far-reaching impact on the resources of local fish stocks. Based on the development of hydropower and fish resources in Hengduan Mountains. firstly,this paper systematically summarizes the internal relationship between the changes of ecological hydrological factors and the stress of fish habitats caused by hydropower development. Secondly, this paper reviews the research methods proposed by scholars in various aspects of fish resource protection and response measures. Finally, this paper put forward the key points and specific directions of conservation research in the next stage. The study can provide theoretical support for the protection of fish resources under the development of cascade hydropower.