干旱区绿洲耗水分析

耗水分析是干旱区平原绿洲水资源配置的基础。干旱区平原绿洲耗水分析的基本方法包括断面法、水量平衡法、四水转化模型、遥感模型等。以新疆叶尔羌平原绿洲为例,应用四种方法,分析了叶尔羌平原绿洲2002年水资源转化及消耗,重点是四水转化模型的分析模拟。四种方法的总耗水量分析结果基本一致,四水转化模型、遥感模型还得到了不同分区、不同土地类型、不同月份的耗水结果。分析表明,叶尔羌平原绿洲社会经济与自然生态耗水比例各占50%,自然生态耗水维持一定水平,水资源配置基本合理。

Analysis on water consumption of oasis in arid area

Analysis of the water consumption is the base of water allocation in oasis.The methods to analyze water consumption can be categorized into the instream-and-outstream method;the water balance method;the dissipative hydrological model and the remote sencing model.The four methods are applied to anlyze the water consumption in 2002 of Yerqiang Oasis in Xinjiang,China,with emphasis on the dissipative hydrological model.The total water consumptions obtained from different methods are basically similar.In addition,the water consumptions of different sub-areas,different land types and different months in a year are obtained from the dissipative hydrological model or the remote sencing model.The analysis results show that the water resources allocation in Yerqiang Oasis is reasonable,where the social and the economic water consumption is almost the same with that for ecological purpose,each taking up 50% of the total water consumption.