加工助剂对PVC木塑复合材料性能的影响

研究了4种新型加工助剂对聚氯乙烯(PVC)木塑复合材料的加工特性和物理力学性能的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究复合材料的冲击断面。结果表明,以不饱和芳香族碳氢化合物、脂肪烃树脂为主要组分的加工助剂,能够提高木粉在PVC基体中的分散性,改善木粉与PVC的相容性,从而明显提高PVC木塑材料的力学性能和加工性能;以钙皂和饱和脂肪酸酰胺混合物、脂肪醇和脂肪酸酯的混合物为主要组分的加工助剂,对木粉的分散性和复合材料的加工性能有一定的改善,但其用量较大时对复合材料的力学性能有不利影响。

Effects of Processing Aids on Properties of PVC/Wood Flour Composites

The effects of 4 kinds of processing aids on physical, mechanical and processing properties of PVC/wood flour composites were studied. The impact fractured surface of the composites was studied by means of SEM. The results show that: processing aids which mainly consist of unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbon and aliphatic hydrocarbon resin are able to improve the dispersion of the wood flour in PVC matrix, and amend the interfacial compatibilities between PVC matrix and wood flour, and enhance the mechanical and processing properties of PVC/ wood flour composites; Processing aids which mainly consist of calcium soap and saturated fatty acid amide mixture, as well as fatty alcohol and fatty acid ester mixture, are also able to improve the dispersion of the wood flour in PVC matrix and enhance the processing property of the composites, but when the use amount is big, they have adverse effects on mechanical properties of the composites.