陶瓷坯体不同干燥方式的对比研究

分别采用普通热风、远红外和微波干燥方式对陶瓷坯体的干燥过程进行实验研究,研究不同干燥方法对干燥速度、坯体内外温差的影响。结果表明,热空气干燥主要靠水分浓度差实现,内外温差较大;远红外线干燥的坯体内外温度均匀,恒速阶段的干燥速度是热风干燥恒速阶段速度的1.2倍;微波干燥主要靠温度差实现水分扩散,最大干燥速度可达4.26%/min(干基),约为热风干燥速度的12倍。将含水量为22wt%的陶瓷坯体干燥至恒重,普通电热干燥的运行成本最高,约为远红外干燥的1.5倍和微波干燥的4.2倍。分析了远红外干燥和微波干燥在陶瓷工业应用的可行性,指出了需要解决的技术难题。

Comparative Study of Different Drying Methods for Ceramic Body

The ceramic bodies were dried by general electric drying,infrared drying and microwave drying respectively.The effects of drying methods on drying rate and the temperature difference between the internal and the external of the ceramic body were investigated.The results show that hot-air drying was mainly realized by moisture concentration difference and the temperature difference between the internal and the external of the ceramic body was relatively large.Far-infrared drying resulted in the temperature uniformity throughout the ceramic body and its drying rate in the constant-speed stage was 1.2 times that of hot-air drying.For microwave drying,moisture diffusion was achieved mainly by temperature difference,and the maximum drying rate was up to 4.26% / min(about 12 times that of hot-air drying).When used for drying the ceramic green body with 22wt% water content to constant weight,electric drying had the highest cost,about 1.5 times of the far-infrared drying’s and 4.2 times of the microwave drying’s.The application feasibilities of far-infrared drying and microwave drying in the ceramic industry were analyzed and the technical problems to be solved were pointed out.