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On the Use of Surfactant-Complexed Chitosan for Toughening 3D Printed Polymethacrylate Composites |
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| Authors: | Reymark D Maalihan Qiyi Chen Joseph Rey H Sta Agueda Bryan B Pajarito Hiroshi Tamura Rigoberto C Advincula |
| Affiliation: | 1. Chemical and Food Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Architecture, and Fine Arts, Batangas State University, Batangas City, 4200 Philippines
Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106 USA Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 1101 Philippines;2. Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106 USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Center for Nanophase Materials and Sciences, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830 USA;3. Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106 USA Manufacturing Engineering and Management Department, Gokongwei College of Engineering, De La Salle University, Manila, 1004 Philippines;4. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 1101 Philippines;5. Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, 3 Chome-3-35 Yamatecho, Suita, Osaka, 564–8680 Japan;6. Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106 USA |
| Abstract: | This work reports a simple approach to prepare toughened 3D-printed polymethacrylate (PMA) composites using surfactant-modified chitosan (SMCS) particles at loadings between 2–10 wt%. Chitosan (CS) is modified with anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate, via ionic complexation to facilitate compatibility and dispersion of CS to PMA matrix by non-covalent interactions between the components. The study successfully demonstrates high-accuracy 3D printing of composites with significant improvements in the overall mechanical properties. The composite with the best loading of 8 wt% SMCS shows a tensile modulus of 1.23 ± 0.05 GPa, a tensile strength at 49.8 ± 0.96 MPa, a yield stress at 33.3 ± 1.48 MPa, and a strain-at-failure 10.3 ± 0.61%, which are 45%, 40%, 32%, and 68% higher than neat PMA, respectively. This provides a significant improvement in toughness at 4.92 ± 0.55 MJ m?3 for the composite, 184% higher than that of neat PMA. The marked increase in toughness is due to enhanced filler-matrix interactions which improve the ability of the 3D printed composite to absorb energy under tensile load. The results from this work provide new understandings into the strategies for design and preparation of stereolithography 3D printed materials reinforced with toughening fillers from renewable resources. |
| Keywords: | 3D printing additive manufacturing chitosan stereolithography toughening fillers |