改性碳纳米管/壳聚糖复合材料的制备及防污性能

通过控制溶液的p H,在酸性条件下制备了单层多巴胺改性的多壁碳纳米管,然后以戊二醛作为反应中间桥梁,共价接枝制备得到碳纳米管/壳聚糖复合材料。通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)和热重分析法(TGA)对复合材料的结构和性能进行表征,结果表明碳纳米管的管壁外面和管端都被均匀包覆起来,包覆层厚度在6 nm左右;采用多巴胺单层膜包覆碳纳米管,达到了减小对碳纳米管结构造成破坏同时增加表面活性基团数量的目的,使得复合材料中壳聚糖的接枝量增加到71.78%。复合材料兼具了壳聚糖和碳纳米管在抑菌性、缓释、硅藻生长抑制方面优异的性能,在对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、鳗弧菌及小舟形藻、成排舟形藻的防污性能实验中,复合材料在抑菌及抑制硅藻生长方面均表现出广谱、长效的抑制性能。

Preparation of modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan composites and their antifouling properties

By controlling the pH of the solution, single-layer dopamine modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (micaDA-MWCNTs) were prepared under acid condition. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS/micaDA-MWCNTs) composites were prepared by covalent grafting method with glutaraldehyde as a bridge material between chitosan and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The structure and nature of CS/micaDA-MWCNTs composites were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that about 6 nm membrane layer of chitosan was well-distributively coated on the surface and the end of MWCNTs. The effective biocompatible strategy of dopamine monolayer film coated carbon nanotubes can not only achieve the purpose of modification with less damage of carbon nanotube structure, but also increase significant amounts of surface active groups of MWCNTs, thereby increasing the content of grafted chitosan. Thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) data showed the chitosan graft was approximately 71.78%. CS/micaDA-MWCNTs had the advantages of both CS and MWCNTs in bacteriostasis, sustained-release effect and diatom growth inhibition. Antifouling experiments indicated that the composites had an efficient broad-spectrum of antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, Vibrio anguillarum, Navicula parva and Navicula rows.