输电线路激光除冰技术试验分析及工程应用设计

为防止覆冰对输电线路的危害,从理论分析、模拟试验、工程应用设计等方面系统研究了输电线路激光除冰技术,分别得出了CO2、Nd:YAG激光除冰特性:1.5kW CO2激光融冰体速度约为728.5mm3/s,单位能耗为2.08J/mm3;Nd:YAG固体激光融冰效果稍高于CO2激光,突出优点在于其热应力除冰;激光除冰时瓷绝缘子安全阈值约20.5～54.4J/mm2,复合绝缘子远小于该值,导线安全阈值很高,几乎不会损伤。结果表明激光可用于输电线路除冰,具有热融冰效应和热应力效应,如结合机械除冰可大大提高除冰效率和效果。根据研究结果提出了其工程应用设计方案:工程化车载式激光除冰系统选用固体激光器,输出功率1～1.5kW,光斑直径15～20mm,发散角3mrad,作用距离为100～1000m,激光电源采用车载发电机,总功耗≤50kW。预计未来3～5a激光除冰速度将可提高3～4倍,激光除冰系统可向小型化、便携式方法发展。

Experimental Analysis and Engineering Designing of Laser De-icing Technology for Transmission Lines

Laser de-icing for transmission lines is a novel technology which has a good future for engineering applications. We studied this technology through theoretical analysis,simulation experiments,and engineering designing. Laser is capable of de-icing for transmission lines,and laser has the effects of melting ice and generating stress inside the ice,and the latter would achieve an excellent de-icing effect if combined with the mechanical de-icing technology. Laser de-icing technology for transmission lines ha...