基于GHZ态的量子密钥分发协议

摘要：在用户与用户进行量子密钥分发的时候，随着用户数量的增加，用户之间需要建立大量的量子传输信道。基于减少量子传输信道数量问题，本文设计了一种基于GHZ态的量子密钥分发协。该协议由第三方进行粒子分配，利用三粒子GHZ态在Z基和X基下具有不同的表示的特性作为密钥分发的关键点。协议中由第三方向任意两名用户分发密钥，大大减少了量子信道的数量。经过安全性分析，本协议能抵御截获重发攻击，中间人攻击和纠缠攻击，而作为第三方可以是不可信的。

Quantum Key Distribution Protocol Based on GHZ State

Abstract: As the number of users increases, a large number of quantum transmission channels need to be established between the user and the user when the quantum key is distributed. Based on the problem of reducing the number of quantum transmission channels, this paper designs a quantum key distribution protocol based on GHZ state. This protocol is used by the third party to distribute the particles. The three-dimensional GHZ state is characterized by different representation in the Z-base and the X-base as key points for key distribution. In the protocol, the third party distributes the key to any two users, which greatly reduces the number of quantum channels. Through security analysis, this protocol can resist intercepted retransmission attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks, and entangled attacks, and can be untrusted as a third party.