军用柴油机曲轴的动态仿真研究

为了设计出具有更良好性能的军用柴油机，本文以某军用柴油机曲轴为例，对曲轴进行了动态仿真研究。在曲轴有限元模型上施加模拟实际工作状态的边界约束和载荷条件，利用振型叠加法对其进行动态响应分析，并与设计指标对比，对原曲轴结构参数进行了动力修改。为避免结构修改的盲目性，采用了灵敏度分析方法，计算出曲轴的动态特性参数随设计变量的变化灵敏度，选择那些对动态特性影响较大的设计参数作为修改参数，通过上述方法修改后的曲轴，动态响应结果能够满足给定的设计指标，使得曲轴的结构达到了最优，为整机的动力学仿真研究奠定了基础。

Study of Dynamic Simulation of Military Diesel Engine Crankshaft

In order to better the performances of a military diesel engine, the dynamic simulation of crankshaft is researched. Boundary restrictions and loading conditions that simulate the actual ones are exerted by using the finite element model of the crankshaft and the dynamic respons is calculated with the superposition method of vibration mode. Some structure parameters are amended to fulfill the design requirements. The parameters to be amended are selected from all the parameters according to the so called sensitivity analysis method, that is to select the parameters which vary the dynamic properties greatly, based on the calculations of the variation of the dynamic properties with each parameter. With this method, the dynamic properties of the amended crankshaft can satisfy the design requirements. The above optimization of the crankshaft lays a solid foundation of the dynamic simulations of engines.