微生物酶法降解烟草总植物碱试验

为寻求有效降低烟草中烟碱含量的方法,利用微生物酶法进行了降解烟草烟碱试验。所用的酶为烟叶微生物经优选、超临界二氧化碳破壁后调制获得的多酶体系。烟叶被不同剂量的酶制剂喷洒后,在不同时间取样评吸并测定其烟碱含量。结果表明:①酶处理烟草烟碱的降低速度比自然陈化的提高了几十倍至几百倍;②在酶用量一定的条件下,烟碱的降低量随着作用时间的延长而增大,但至4d后烟碱的含量几乎不再变化;③在作用时间一定的条件下,烟叶中的烟碱含量与酶用量基本上呈负相关关系,即酶用量越大,烟叶中的烟碱含量越低;④酶法在降解烟草烟碱方面优于微生物法,并且具有可控制性。

Experiment on Degradation of Nicotine in Tobacco Leaves with Microorganism Enzymes Isolated from Tobaccos

An experiment on degradation of nicotine in tobacco leaves by enzymes was conducted in order to develop an effective method for reducing nicotine content in tobacco leaves. A polyenzyme system was obtained by treating selected tobacco microorganism after its cell wall was broken in supercritical carbon dioxide. The tobacco leaves were sprayed with the enzymes at different dosages and panel evaluated at different intervals along with nicotine determination. The results indicated that: 1) the nicotine in the treated tobaccos decreased at a rate tens to hundreds times faster than that in natural aged tobacco; 2) when the dosage of the enzymes was constant, the nicotine content in treated tobacco was decreased with the increase of treatment time, but almost no change was found after four days; 3) there was a negative correlation between the dosage and nicotine content, namely, the more enzymes was applied, the less nicotine remained in treated tobacco; 4) in terms of degradation of nicotine in tobacco, enzyme was more effective than microorganism, besides, enzyme treatment was more controllable.