北京五城区零售鲜切果蔬中重要食源性致病菌污染与耐药性研究

目的 为探究鲜切果蔬中食源性致病菌污染及耐药现状,采集北京五城区零售鲜切果蔬样品进行重要食源性致病菌检测及耐药性研究。方法 本研究采用食品微生物检验国家标准方法,分别检测金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌和大肠埃希氏菌,对目标菌分离株进行耐药性测定,并通过荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法筛查致泻大肠埃希氏菌。结果 北京市五城区零售326份鲜切果蔬样品中,金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、沙门氏菌、大肠埃希氏菌和肠道集聚性大肠埃希氏菌的污染率分别为15.34%、1.84%、0%、 9.51%和1.23%。本研究分离所得50株金黄色葡萄球菌主要对青霉素和苯唑西林耐药,耐药率分别是90.00%和48.00%,31株大肠埃希氏菌主要对复方新诺明和氨苄西林耐药,耐药率为67.74％和64.50％,4株肠道集聚性大肠埃希氏菌均呈现多重耐药现象,而6株单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌对10种受试抗生素全部敏感。结论 本研究初步掌握了北京五城区零 售鲜切果蔬中重要食源性致病菌污染和耐药现状,可为制定食源性疾病防控策略提供科学的实验依据。

Study on contamination and drug resistance of important foodborne pathogens in fresh cut fruits and vegetables retailed in five districts of Beijing

Objective In order to explore the contamination and drug resistance of foodborne pathogens in fresh cut fruits and vegetables, samples were collected from retail markets in five district in Beijing. Methods The national standard method of food microbiological examination was used to detect Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli respectively. The drug resistance of the isolates was determined, and the Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was screened by fluorescent PCR. Results Among 326 fresh cut fruits and vegetables sold in Beijing, the contamination rates of Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, Escherichia coli and Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli were 15.34%, 1.84%, 0%, 9.51% and 1.23% respectively. 50 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated in this study were mainly resistant to penicillin (90.00%) and oxacillin (48.00%), 31 strains of Escherichia coli were mainly resistant to compound sulfamethoxazole (67.74%) and ampicillin (64.50%), and 4 strains of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli showed multiple drug resistance. All 6 strains of Listeria monocytogenes were sensitive to 10 kinds of antibiotics. Conclusion This research provided a scientific experimental basis for formulating the prevention and control strategy of foodborne diseases.